- Ryan Arsenault, “ Weird Data Center Locations, ” TechTarget, April 2010, http:// searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/feature/Weird-Data-Center-Locations.
- Roger E. Bohn and James E. Short, “ How Much Information? 2009 Report on American Consumers, ” December 2009, http://hmi.ucsd.edu/pdf/HMI\_2009\_ConsumerReport\_Dec9\_2009 .pdf.
- This does not stop dedicated researchers from trying to develop maps of the Internet that are as comprehensive as possible. At the University of California, San Diego, the San Diego Supercomputer Center ’ s Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis has developed multiple ways to render Internet geographies and geometries. See “ Walrus-Gallery: Visualization and Navigation, ” Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis, http://www.caida.org/tools/visualization/ walrus/gallery1/. The site submarinecablemap.com provides what it says it does. Recently a project called Internet Census 2012 by “ Carna Botnet ” used bots to scan IP version 4 space in a way that is more effective than legal. See Carna Botnet, Internet Census 2012, 2012, http:// internetcensus2012.bitbucket.org/paper.html.
- See the white paper studies by Cisco: “ The Zettabyte Era: Trends and Analysis, ” June 10, 2014, http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking -index-vni/VNI\_Hyperconnectivity\_WP.pdf, and “ Cisco Global Cloud Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2013 – 2018 ” http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/ global-cloud-index-gci/Cloud\_Index\_White\_Paper.pdf.
- For a basic definition and explanation, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization -division\_multiplexing.
- See Eric Price and David P. Woodruff, “ Applications of the Shannon-Hartley Theorem to Data Streams and Sparse Recovery, ” 2012, retrieved from IBM Watson researcher site May 8, 2015, http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/files/us-dpwoodru/pw12.pdf.
- For the OptIPuter project, for example, each major component could be on a different continent, but they all work together as if it were a single self-contained machine. See http:// www.optiputer.net/.
- See, for example, Steven Levy, “ Going with the Flow: Google’s Secret Switch to the Next Wave of Networking, ” Wired, April 17, 2012, http://www.wired.com/2012/04/going-with -the-flow-google/ and James C. Corbett, Jeffrey Dean, Michael Epstein, Andrew Fikes, Christopher Frost, JJ Furman, Sanjay Ghemawat, Andrey Gubarev, Christopher Heiser, Peter Hochschild, Wilson Hsieh, Sebastian Kanthak, Eugene Kogan, Hongyi Li, Alexander Lloyd, Sergey Melnik, David Mwaura, David Nagle, Sean Quinlan, Rajesh Rao, Lindsay Rolig, Yasushi Saito, Michal Szymaniak, Christopher Taylor, Ruth Wang, and Dale Woodford, “ Spanner: Google ’ s Globally-Distributed Database, ” technical paper, October 2012, http://static.googleusercontent.com/ media/research.google.com/en/us/archive/spanner-osdi2012.pdf.
- As a Cloud Polis model, Google Fiber would allow the platform to provide the line as well as the service, as well as software to optimize the line as the physical layer of that platform.
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