boom 198
Capital intensive forms of production see Organic composition of capita
Capital, as a relation, not just a thing 32; constant 38; variable 38; self expansion of 37; different forms 61-2, 107
Capitalism, preconditions for 40; as a totalising system 85; global dynamic of 84; becomes global system 30
Capitalists, as embodiment of the self expansion of value 1 13; alliances between 109; as "hostile brothers" 268
Capitalist state, origins 105-107
Capital-output ratio, Britain 1875- 1901 102; in 1970s 197; for US in post war decades 371
Capitals and states 102-110, 325
Capitals in 21st century, diferent accumulation strategies 263-4
Carchedi, Guglielmo 121; on transformation of values into prices 50; on skilled and unskilled labour and value 52-3; on productive and unproductive labour 127
Carnegie, Andrew quoted on Great Depression 88
Cartels 89
Castells, Manuel, on supposed "structural instability" of labour markets 335
Casualisation 342; casual employment, not new to capitalism 341
Cheney, Dick 319
Chernobyl 308
Chesnais, Fram;:ois 293, 296
Chicago School of economists 192; see also Monetarism
Children, chronic malnutrition in lndia 252
Chile 221; growth 1977-80 219
China, as semi-colony before First World War 1 85; under Mao 1 15, 1 1 8; economic growth 188; peasants 188; primitive accumulation 243; state capitalism 243; Cultural revolution 243; stagnation in 1970s 218; new model of accumulation after 1970s 243-5; economic growth 1978-
2008 242; foreign trade growth 1 979-2007 242; overseas capitalist interests 244; growth in 1980s 244; fall in manufacturing employment from late 1990s 248; informal employment 339; rural workforce 243, 245; apparent fall in peasant incomes 245; poverty in early 2000s 245; excess of saving over investment 246, 282; imports from Japan and East Asia 217, 247; share of consumption in output (graph) 246; level of investment early 2000s 245; real estate bubble 249; unemployment 7; and global inflation of 2007-8 247; growing influence in Africa and Latin America 250, 274; share of global output of manufacturing goods 242-3; multinationals and exports 247; proportion of global buying power 250; interdependence with US 246-7, 250; and US debt 250, 281; challenge to US hegemony 271
Chortareas, Georgios, and Pelagidis, Theodore, on regional, not global, economic integration 263
Christian Democrats, ideology 164
Chrysler, bankruptcy 290
Circuits of capital 62
Clark, John Bates 42
Clark, Kenneth, on "irrelevance" of nationality of companies 257
Class, Marx's definition of 1 12-1 1 3; in itself and for itself 332, 349; character of the state bureaucracy 1 12
Class compromise theories of long boom 163, 172
Clearances 39
Clif, Tony, on military competition 117; on H-bomb and Long Boom 172
Climate change 308-314; and coal 320; weakness of international agreements 316; and food security 322; destabilising effect on system 317; food security, peak oil and economic crises 327
Coca-Cola, outlets in Germany during Second World War 269
Cohen, Robin, Gutkind, Peter, and Brazier, Phyllis 344
406
Index