<sup>66</sup> Karl Marx, Das Kapital: Kritik der politischen Ökonomie, Dritter Band: Der Gesamtprozeß der kapitalistischen Produktion [1894], herausgegeben von Friedrich Engels (hereafter Kapital 3), in Marx and Engels, MEW, Band 25 (Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 1964), 799 (Karl Marx, Capital: a Critique of Political Economy, Vol. 3: the Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole (hereafter Capital 3), ed. Friedrich Engels, trans. David Fernbach (London and New York: Penguin Books, 1991), 927. Emphasis added. See also Louis Althusser, ‘Is it Simple to be a Marxist in Philosophy?’ [1975], Essays in Self-Criticism, ed. and trans. Grahame Lock (Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1998), 176.
<sup>67</sup> Raymond Williams, ‘Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory’, New Left Review I/82 (November/December 1973), 6.
<sup>68</sup> Antonio Gramsci, ‘Analysis of Situations. Relations of Force’ [1931-1934], in Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci, ed. and trans. Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell Smith (New York: International Publishers, 1999), 180.
<sup>69</sup> An underappreciated contribution to this reading, which in many ways is more sophisticated than Marx’s well-known critiques of Hegel, is Herbert Marcuse, Hegel’s Ontology and the Theory of Historicity [1932], trans. Seyla Benhabib (Cambridge and London: MIT Press, 1989). In the shadow of Marx and Heidegger, this work is a systematic attempt to establish the philosophical basis of history within life, qua the ‘motility’ [Bewegtheit] of being, by way of a critical reconstruction of Hegel’s Logic, the Early Theological Writings and the Phenomenology.
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