{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e","title":"总体绩效资本主义新精神","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787513647939","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e","id":"01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e","uuid":"01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e","title":"总体绩效资本主义新精神","normalized_title":"总体绩效资本主义新精神","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787513647939","isbns":["9787513647939"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":221,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%80%BB%E4%BD%93%E7%BB%A9%E6%95%88%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%96%B0%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/01d9787f-4c57-445a-9e15-ce10dae3b33e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":120,"pdf_page":129,"physical_index":129,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"9cd47e696cc14d46f118a093f1a320f87eeb208639bd64c32b20b67428558d3c"},"chapter":"第四章“现代化”国家的绩效","content":"我们在前一章节里提到了服务业经济活动的特点是产品具有“不确定性”。3E的倡导者则消除了这种不确定性，方法是将产出（outputs，直接产品）和收效（outcomes，间接产品）进行区分。这两种对“产品”的理解方式最大的区别是时效。前者（outputs）是服务活动的直接产品（比如治疗患者的数量、对酒驾的管控、为老年人进行梳洗)。后者（outcomes）是间接产品，是对服务活动为使用者或大众带来的长期结果进行评价（比如健康状态下的预期寿命、生态多样性的维护等)。①人们根据这种分类建立了一些比率关系，这些比率表达的可以说是生产率：分子的部分是“产品”，分母则是生产该产品的投入。于是，我们便得出了三种比率的组合。首先是利润（economy)，或者说金融类经济收益，它是直接产出与对应成本的比率；其次是效率(efficiency）或者说工业生产率，它是生产的直接结果产出（outputs)和投入（inputs)的比率，这个组合具有混淆直接结果和投入②（指进入生产程序的要素，比如劳动）\n\n6\n\n总体绩效：资本主义新精神\n\n①这几个例子表明我们不能省略对什么是outputs什么是outcomes的讨论。\n\n②教育机构所提供的课时数目也是像这样的投入与直接结果的关系吗？\n\n120","previous_page":119,"next_page":121}