{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","title":"倦怠社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521704693","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","id":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","uuid":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","title":"倦怠社会","normalized_title":"倦怠社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521704693","isbns":["9787521704693","0120192519"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":118,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%80%A6%E6%80%A0%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/search"},"page":{"printed_page":4,"pdf_page":9,"physical_index":9,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"14a5e3b3a29ac45290c3a500970a13427dc1d7e84f3edc538f5016b473f430e1"},"chapter":"Müdigkeitsgesellschaft","content":"20世纪是免疫学的时代。在这一时期，内外、友敌、自我和他人之间存在着清晰的界限。冷战也遵循了这种免疫学模型。20世纪的免疫学范式中充斥着冷战话语，由一种严格的军事化规则控制。攻击和防御主导着免疫学式行动。这种免疫学原则超越生物学范围，到了社会领域，最终蔓延至整个社会层面，一种盲目性被烙印其中：对一切陌生之物，都采取防御措施。免疫防御的对象即是这种陌生之物。即便陌生者毫无恶意，即便他不会产生任何威胁，仍然会基于他的“他者性”(Andersheit)而受到排挤。\n\n近年来出现的种种社会理论，都明显以免疫学诠释模型为基础。免疫学话语的流行并非意味着，当今社会比过去更加受制于免疫学原则。一种范式自身成为反思的对象，这往往标志着该范式的衰落。近年来已经悄然发生了一场范式的转移。冷战的结束就发生在这场范式转移的进程中。山当今的社会状况，更加彻底地摆脱了免疫机制和防御模式。他者性(Andersheit)和陌生性(Fremdheit)的消失标志着这种转变。他者性是免疫学的根本范畴。一切免疫反应都是面对他者的反应。现在，“差异”(Differenz)取代了他者，不再引起免疫反应。后免疫学、后现代式差异不再导致疾病。在免疫学层面上，它们是等同的。[2]过去，在陌生者（Fremdheit)的刺痛下，产生激烈的免疫反应，如今这些在差异性中消失殆尽。陌生者被弱化为一种消费用语。陌生性让位于异国情调。游客们在旅行中寻觅它的踪迹。游客或顾客不再是免疫学式主体。\n\n倦怠社会\n\n4","previous_page":null,"next_page":5}