{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","title":"倦怠社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521704693","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","id":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","uuid":"021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","title":"倦怠社会","normalized_title":"倦怠社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787521704693","isbns":["9787521704693","0120192519"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":118,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%80%A6%E6%80%A0%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/021891ed-c649-4b38-aee1-9249a053f447/search"},"page":{"printed_page":68,"pdf_page":73,"physical_index":73,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6c6ad9cfe48c95082d936e5ee5c07b12f3426bcb6ad95f53b0bf04f40d0ad7c0"},"chapter":"Müdigkeitsgesellschaft","content":"现代晚期的功绩主体不再臣服于任何义务。他的信条不再是顺从、法规和履行义务，而是自由和自愿。他工作的首要目的在于获得乐趣。他并非遵从他人的指令行事，而是更多地听命于自己。他成了自身的雇主，从而摆脱了负面的、发号施令的他者。这种脱离他者的自由却并非一种单纯的释放和解脱。自由的辩证法不幸地将其自身转化为强制和束缚。\n\n他者的缺席将首先导致一种奖赏危机。奖赏作为一种认同机制，需要他者或第三方为前提条件。理查德·塞尼特(RichardSennett)也认为自恋型人格障碍和他者的缺失导致了奖赏危机：“自恋是一种人格障碍，它恰恰同自爱相反。沉浸于自我之中不会带来奖赏，而只会导致痛苦。自我和他者之间的界限消失了，这意味着自我再也不能遭遇‘新事物’或他者’。后者已经被吸收和改造，直到自我在其中发现了自身然而他者也因此丧失了意义。……自恋者不从经验出发，他希望在一切他遭遇的对象中体验到自身。……自恋者沉溺于自身之中……”[6]人们在种种经验(Erfahrung)之中遭遇他者。经验是变化的，即被他者改变，而体验(Erlebnisse)则将自我延伸至他者和世界之中，是一种同化机制。在自爱形式下，自我和他者的界限是明晰的，而自恋则模糊了一切界限。自我无限扩张，因而变得混沌不清。\n\n倦怠社会\n\n68","previous_page":67,"next_page":69}