{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","title":"[数字经济前沿]技术封建主义","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300328508","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","id":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","uuid":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","title":"[数字经济前沿]技术封建主义","normalized_title":"数字经济前沿技术封建主义","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300328508","isbns":["9787300328508"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":259,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%5B%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%89%8D%E6%B2%BF%5D%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%B0%81%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":126,"pdf_page":166,"physical_index":166,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f4611ae0bab280bb5fa6f5dc919ca776b8cd206f2e09c6ed4b5014db254311b0"},"chapter":"第三章","content":"有形资产和无形资产之间的区别由来已久。例如，19世纪中叶，弗里德里希·李斯特（FriedrichList）在思考德国在工业上赶超英国的条件时，指出了“科学和艺术”在发展过程中相对于“体力劳动”的作用，甚至提出了“人类活的知识资本”的概念。②\n\n这种区别在我们的日常生活中也无处不在，但它如此琐碎，以至于我们通常很少关注。不言而喻，要制作油醋汁，你需要配方（无形），也需要配料和厨具（有形）；如果你不知道乐曲的音符（无形），如果乐器走调（有形），你就没办法在钢琴上作即兴弹奏。简而言之，无形和有形缺一不可。它们必须结合在一起才能产生有用的效果，这是一个历久弥新的真理。\n\n发生变化的是，技术进步大大降低了复制、处理和传播信息的成本。自20世纪中叶以来，计算机处理成本已减少了1000亿美元。①现在，通信几乎是免费和瞬时的，存储成本也极低。黑格尔（Hegel）指出：“量的变化表面上看似天真无邪，但在某种程度上却是实现质变的诡计。”②信息处理能力的变化正是对应着这种从量变到质变的飞跃。\n\n技术封建主义\n\n① 经济学和管理学的许多最新著作都关注无形资产问题。关于这一主题的概述，包括定义问题和会计问题，参见：Jonathan HASKEL et Stian WESTLAKE，Capitalismwithout Capital, op. cit..\n\n② Friedrich LIST, Système national d'économie politique, éd. de. Henri Richelot, Capelle, Paris, 1857, p. 248.\n\n126","previous_page":125,"next_page":127}