{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","title":"[数字经济前沿]技术封建主义","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300328508","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","id":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","uuid":"06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","title":"[数字经济前沿]技术封建主义","normalized_title":"数字经济前沿技术封建主义","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300328508","isbns":["9787300328508"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":259,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%5B%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%89%8D%E6%B2%BF%5D%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%B0%81%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/06dd97ec-cce5-45df-9acf-40e36f07dab3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":130,"pdf_page":170,"physical_index":170,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f37d3c4349009de5f472c49f2d9e10c39800fa27cfd0e7a5ca06e0281e356e39"},"chapter":"第三章","content":"巴贝奇原则的放大\n\n查尔斯·巴贝奇（CharlesBabbage）是一位多面手，他于1821年设计出计算机的第一个机械原型一—差分机。他的出发点来自一个简单的观察——特定的生产需要不同的技能来调动。但有些技能比其他技能更稀有，或者获取成本更高。对雇主来说，将这些任务划分开来并分别支付报酬是有利的，这样工人就可以根据自己的技能专注于每一项任务，从而让自己脱颖而出：\n\n这种分工的目的是确保最有资格的人员（也是用工成本最高的人员）能够将所有工作时间都投入到只有他们才能胜任的任务中去。一般来说，任何需要迅速而熟练地完成的生产细节都应与其他操作分开，由一个人专门负责。①\n\n简而言之，分工降低了雇主的劳动成本。这就促使大多数工作岗位相对小型化，知识集中于少数职能部门。这种节省技能的原则一直是当前国际生产流程分工背后的认知分工的动力。②但是，导致全球价值链中收入两极分化的动力不仅仅是巴贝奇原则的延伸，而是巴贝奇原则的放大。价值集中在价值链的两端是知识垄断过程的表现，在这一过程的末端，经济力量集中在少数几个战略要地。\n\n技术封建主义\n\n① Charles BABBAGE, Traité sur l’économie des machines et des manufactures, trad. Édouard Biot, Bachelier, Paris, 1833, p. 235.\n\n② Philippe MOATI et El Mouhoub MOUHOUD, « Les nouvelles logiques de décom-position internationale des processus productifs», Revue d'économie politique , vol. 115, n°5. 2005, p. 573-589.\n\n130","previous_page":129,"next_page":131}