{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12","title":"论数码物的存在","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208154346","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12","id":"0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12","uuid":"0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12","title":"论数码物的存在","normalized_title":"论数码物的存在","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208154346","isbns":["9787208154346"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":317,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%BA%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81%E7%89%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/0f4df77e-fbc5-46b5-aca2-e27886d75b12/search"},"page":{"printed_page":51,"pdf_page":61,"physical_index":61,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"da612fadac2d7c9d6d18ca749160daf1c4400e221bc1e5974e92af08804e218c"},"chapter":"论数许煜著李婉楠译码物的存5上海人民出版社 在","content":"从通用标记语言到超文本标记语言：作为技术趋势的形式\n\n技术性的发展是一个由各种中断与不连贯所激发的过程。新技术能够切断脉络，为其赋予新的方向。这些方向可能会相互冲突，并进入不同的发展途径；然而，这些多样性将会被一个主导的技术趋势所同化。法国古生物和古人类学家安德烈·勒罗伊-古汉将技术趋势与技术事实区分开来。前者具有普遍性和抽象性，后者特别而具体，与其地域、种族、气候等环境密切相关。我们可以根据不同种族内的适应方式，进一步区分不同的事实。技术趋势是不可避免并可预见的。技术事实是不可预见的，需要一定的本土发明，而不是直接从其他群体借用。[23]勒罗伊-古汉举了一个锻造的例子。我们没有锻造的技术趋势，只有依赖于诸如火、金属、燃烧、熔化、商业、模式或宗教等各种条件的技术事实。技术趋势是贯穿各种环境与文化差异的力量，譬如轮子作为携带重物和燧石柄的手段而被普遍发明。[24]\n\n第一章数码物的起源\n\n58\n\n51","previous_page":50,"next_page":52}