{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3","title":"Time for Things Labor, Leisure, and the Rise of Mass Consumption","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780674250529","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3","id":"10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3","uuid":"10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3","title":"Time for Things Labor, Leisure, and the Rise of Mass Consumption","normalized_title":"timeforthingslaborleisureandtheriseofmassconsumption","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780674250529","isbns":["9780674250529","9780674250536","9780674979512"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":355,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Time%20for%20Things%20Labor%2C%20Leisure%2C%20and%20the%20Rise%20of%20Mass%20Consumption","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/10f0f318-a2eb-4ea9-8798-d4fb0304f8c3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":19,"pdf_page":27,"physical_index":27,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"9d6c86eb0a9a4c5a44eb87b83064524d39c422d1a73d4f3a6dd429f11356d624"},"chapter":"FOR","content":"At the same time, the research on happiness does not indicate that work itself, at least under capitalism, is prominent among its sources. While the Gallup survey data used by Kahneman and Deaton point to two sources of happiness—learning something new and exercising a skill—that are sometimes associated with work, other research indicates that it is activities outside of work that yield the most happiness. In a 2004 study, the five most highly rated sources of happiness were found to be (in descending order) intimate relationships, socializing after work, dinner, relaxing, and lunch, with everything related to work firmly at the bottom of the list. (Kahneman et al. 2004). Derek Bok (2010, p. 29), summing up findings in the empirical literature on well-being, notes that the research indicates that “almost all of the pleasurable aspects of the day take place outside of work . . . the less pleasant aspects of the day involve activities associated with one’s job, including commuting.”\n\nTo be sure, happiness narrowly construed, as pleasure, is not the only thing that people value—freedom, creativity, and participation in meaningful activities, which clearly are sometimes features of working life, are surely equally important components of a good life. People might then organize their priorities so as to best realize various dimensions of the good life, rather than to maximize happiness, and this could well involve committing to some amount of work time. Indeed, the importance of work in the pursuit of these values was what encouraged many women in advanced capitalist societies to enter the workforce during the middle decades of the twentieth century. The example of women suggests that when people are deprived of the possibility of work, they often want work, and not necessarily just for material purposes, for work can be a source of value and meaning independent of its financial rewards. At the same time, it is important to note that positive attitudes to waged work might to some extent reflect the valorization of paid work under capitalism as a source of agency, self-expression, and even self-possession. This raises the question of why agency and self-expression become so bound up with the activities undertaken as paid labor. For clearly work understood simply as productive activity can take place outside the cash nexus.18 The association of paid work with personal fulfillment, in conjunction with the opportunities it ofers for social life beyond the family, means that, for any given individual, paid work might well have some intrinsic value, and this probably helps keep the capitalist regime of work time in place.\n\nThe Puzzle\n\n19","previous_page":18,"next_page":20}