{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34","title":"技术至死 数字化生存的阴暗面","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"0120136503","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34","id":"13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34","uuid":"13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34","title":"技术至死 数字化生存的阴暗面","normalized_title":"技术至死数字化生存的阴暗面","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"0120136503","isbns":["0120136503","9787121227776"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":396,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%87%B3%E6%AD%BB%20%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%8C%96%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%98%E7%9A%84%E9%98%B4%E6%9A%97%E9%9D%A2","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/13a8d12f-fb2c-4d05-a501-68bf7c192d34/search"},"page":{"printed_page":58,"pdf_page":72,"physical_index":72,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7fa999e6a31edabc1abc20609fddcaf4fbf0f3bfc3643f18cd2ecad26d37c4ba"},"chapter":"技术至死数字化生存的阴暗面","content":"爱森斯坦大量借鉴了马歇尔·麦克卢汉的著作，认为印刷术在引发所有后续社会变革上的重要性没有得到足够的历史评价(因此她戏称它为“未予承认的革命”)。尽管她试图公平对待印刷机的历史角色，爱森斯坦却采用了一个有相当局限性的印刷媒体观，过分强调了她眼里这项技术的固有性质：固定性(例如保存文字的能力，否则这些文字就遗失或严重损毁了），易于传播，以及趋于标准化。根据爱森斯坦的观点，正是印刷技术赋予了文字这些新特质，她甚至把这些特质提升到了“印刷文化”的地位。后者给我们带来了宗教改革、科学革命、巨无霸汉堡、史蒂夫·乔布斯，还有大笑猫。\n\n许多学者都曾指出爱森斯坦研究方法的局限性，极其切中当前的互联网讨论。第一个敲响警钟的是学术历史学家安东尼·格拉夫顿(AnthonyGrafton)，时间在1980年，距那本书出版刚好一年。他猛烈抨击爱森斯坦“从她的资料库里生拉活扯出一些事实和论述，看似能满足她的即刻论战需求。”更成问题的是，在格拉夫顿看来，爱森斯坦一味强调抄写员时代与印刷工时代的分裂，认为两者有本质上的不同。格拉夫顿说，“早在机械化复制手段出现以前，文字就能以稳定的形式传播。”爱森斯坦却将这一点极力贬低。换句话说，如此煞费苦心地在不同文化和时代之间划上清晰界限，带有毫不掩饰的新纪元主义意味；事实上，“印刷文化”的许多特征，在这个文化八字还没一撇的时候就已经出现了(尽管它规模较小)。\n\n058\n\n枝术至死","previous_page":57,"next_page":59}