{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","title":"否定的辩证法","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208161849","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","id":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","uuid":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","title":"否定的辩证法","normalized_title":"否定的辩证法","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208161849","isbns":["9787208161849"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":378,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%84%E8%BE%A9%E8%AF%81%E6%B3%95","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/search"},"page":{"printed_page":168,"pdf_page":189,"physical_index":189,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e7b3bf28362728175081986eef619cbca8d4719e7ed5c0ac5a1c58428fb064bd"},"chapter":"第二章 存在与实存","content":"辩证法不是知识社会学\n\n马克思已经划清了历史唯物主义同庸俗的形而上学唯物主义的界限，因而他使历史唯物主义卷进哲学的疑难问题中，庸俗的唯物主义却在哲学这一方面教条地嬉闹。既然如此，唯物主义就不再是人们可以决心采取的一种反对立场，而是对整个唯心主义的批判，对唯心主义以曲解的方式选择的现实的批判。霍克海默的短语“批判理论”并非想使唯物主义成为可接受的，而是用它来达到理论上的自我意识。由此，唯物主义不仅同科学的“传统理论”区别开来，同时也同对世界的笨拙解释区别开来。\n\n理论—在很大程度上像马克思的理论一样一一定是内在辩证的，即使理论最终否定了它行动的整个领域。这使理论和一种知识社会学形成对照，因为知识社会学纯粹是从外部产生的，而且正如哲学很快发现的那样，它是无力反对哲学的。知识社会学在哲学面前失败了，它用它的社会功能和它的受利益制约性来代替哲学的真理内容，同时又不去批判这种内容本身，对其漠不关心。知识社会学在意识形态的概念面前同样失败了，它想把意识形态搅进它到处乞讨来的肉汤中。因为意识形态的概念只有联系到它涉及的东西的真实性或不真实性。才有意义。除非对某种东西的关注不是一种幻觉，否则便不可能谈论社会上必需的幻觉—尽管幻觉是某种东西的标志。\n\n否定的辩证法\n\n168","previous_page":167,"next_page":169}