{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","title":"否定的辩证法","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208161849","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","id":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","uuid":"1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","title":"否定的辩证法","normalized_title":"否定的辩证法","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208161849","isbns":["9787208161849"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":378,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%84%E8%BE%A9%E8%AF%81%E6%B3%95","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/1c434b75-5c8d-4d6d-a718-ffbe4846c04a/search"},"page":{"printed_page":185,"pdf_page":204,"physical_index":204,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"0359a3e4cc5990b149760dc84bcde80d07fe229ef619c5c5248ff47af4b37776"},"chapter":"第一章 自 由——实践理性总批判","content":"这种“假问题”的论点是真实的。一旦我们通过探询每一个个别的决定来探询自由意志问题，一旦我们的探询使个别决定脱离了它们的关联，使个体脱离了社会，这种探询就会成为绝对的、纯自在存在的谬见：有限的主体经验盗取了最确定之物的尊贵。这种替代品的基础有某种虚构的东西。中介性的自在存在的主体本身是被与它不同的东西、被一切主体的关联所中介的。这种中介使它成了按它的自由意识它不愿成为的东西；它成了他治的。甚至在肯定地受制于不自由的地方，不自由的条件也像一种内在决定性的心理学因果性的条件一样，是在孤立的—本质上不是如此孤立的—个人中被探寻出来的。甚至个人也不能在自身中找到自由的事实，武断行为的朴素感觉同样也不能事后简单地被决定论原理所灭绝。只是在后期阶段，心理学决定论的学说才行得通。\n\n自由兴趣的分裂\n\n自17世纪以来，伟大的哲学把自由确定为它最特有的兴趣。哲学有一种来自资产阶级的未明说的使命，即为自由找到显而易见的基础。哲学这种兴趣本身是对抗性的，它反对旧的压迫，却助长了新的压迫，而这种新的压迫就隐藏在合理性原则本身中。人们为自由和压迫寻找一个共同的公式：把自由割让给那种限制自由的合理性，把自由从经验中清除掉，人们甚至不想看到自由在经验中得以实现。这种二分法也关联到进步的科学化。就资产阶级促进了生产而言，资产阶级是和这种科学化相结合的；但一旦科学的进步妨碍资产阶级相信它的自由—已经顺从于内在性是现存的，资产阶级肯定要害怕科学的进步。\n\n第--章 自由——实践理性总批判\n\n185","previous_page":184,"next_page":186}