{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e","title":"Time, Consumption and Everyday Life Practice, Materiality and Culture","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e","id":"1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e","uuid":"1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e","title":"Time, Consumption and Everyday Life Practice, Materiality and Culture","normalized_title":"timeconsumptionandeverydaylifepracticematerialityandculture","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Time%2C%20Consumption%20and%20Everyday%20Life%20Practice%2C%20Materiality%20and%20Culture","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/1dc0854c-957b-4fb1-af9a-bb4fdb76b77e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":49,"pdf_page":54,"physical_index":54,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7e0bb755315b7520e3cb8ea02fc5c47e1559895401079dada79f79c1a3918b40"},"chapter":"List of Tables and Figures","content":"Re-ordering Temporal Rhythms Coordinating Daily Practices in the UK in 1937 and 2000 Dale Southerton\n\nIntroduction: The Paradox of Time Pressure\n\nTime pressure is a contemporary malady for which a range of prescriptions have been spawned to alleviate the problem, including: self-help time management advice; convenience technologies and services; voluntary simplicity; and work–life balance policies. The underlying causes are identified in macro social processes that are deemed to re-order the temporalities of daily life. These include processes of consumer culture, the restructuring of labour markets, technological innovations and the cultural conditions of reflexive modernization. And the implications of time pressure are profound – well-being is compromised by the stress of being harried, social capital (or community) declines as people no longer have the time to participate in collective or public activities, families and friendships are torn asunder as we have no time to spend with those we care most about. Time pressure is, not surprisingly, a substantive concern that feeds into several influential theories of social change.\n\nMany theoretical accounts attempt to explain the paradox that increasingly people feel time pressured despite time diary data consistently revealing that people have longer durations of free time today than did previous generations (Robinson and Godbey 1997). In the interest of brevity, five sets of theoretical accounts of the causes of time pressure will be outlined. The first can be described as ‘economic restructuring’ with particular reference to the impact of dual-earner families. These accounts highlight that women experience a ‘dual burden’ once they enter paid employment: the burden of ‘juggling’ domestic and workplace responsibilities (Sullivan 1997). One of the ways in which dual-earner households deal with ‘juggling is through reliance on domestic technologies which reduce the amount of time devoted to unpaid work – although the extent to which labour-saving technologies actually save time is debatable (Schwartz-Cowan 1983). This relates to a second set of accounts which suggest the further rationalization of time. Hochschild (1997) argues that as hours of paid work increase within households (what she calls the first shift), time for domestic matters (the second shift) is squeezed, and time devoted to emotional and inter-personal relationships becomes experienced as a ‘third shift subject to rationing and social planning. This is a process of rationalization because the principles of Taylorization, whereby tasks are broken down into their component parts (fragmented) and re-sequenced to maximize temporal efficiency, have become applied to domestic and inter-personal activities. For Hochschild, increasingly more spheres of daily life are regulated by the principles of efficient sequencing of tasks within designated slots of time, and it is this that generates experiences of time pressure.\n\n49","previous_page":48,"next_page":50}