{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","title":"[当代国外马克思主义哲学研究丛书]生命权力、生命形式与共同体：阿甘本生命政治学研究","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303265565","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","id":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","uuid":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","title":"[当代国外马克思主义哲学研究丛书]生命权力、生命形式与共同体：阿甘本生命政治学研究","normalized_title":"当代国外马克思主义哲学研究丛书生命权力生命形式与共同体阿甘本生命政治学研究","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303265565","isbns":["9787303265565"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":450,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%5B%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%9B%E4%B9%A6%5D%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E3%80%81%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93%EF%BC%9A%E9%98%BF%E7%94%98%E6%9C%AC%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/search"},"page":{"printed_page":121,"pdf_page":138,"physical_index":138,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"05c86ca0045abffff3c07962c22f1a8a9ddff17afafec6c4a58725245b207d54"},"chapter":"第二章 阿甘本生命政治学理论建构的生命概念及主权逻辑","content":"根据生命存在的方式，亚里士多德区分了三种灵魂。第一种，营养灵魂，即植物灵魂。这是最基本的、最普遍的灵魂，是一切生物所共享的灵魂，体现生物体吸收营养、生长与繁殖的功能，纯粹以“活着”的方式存在，涉及生物体最基本的生理方面。第二种，感觉灵魂，即动物灵魂。这是动物与植物的界限。植物没有感觉，只能是“活着”；而动物有感觉，如触觉、味觉、视觉、嗅觉、听觉等，还具有情感、欲望、期待等。这是植物所没有的，是动物如其所是的根本机能。第三种，理性灵魂，即精神灵魂。这是人与动物区分的标志。人具有推理、思考、认知、思维等能力，从而与外部世界发生互动，认识世界。灵魂的三种区分也是生命的具体表现，虽然亚里士多德具体界定了灵魂是什么，但是他并没有谈及生命是什么，只是做了如下论述：“让生命个体建构成一系列功能性能力与对立的等级表达。”①亚里士多德的这种区分方式促使阿甘本思考人之区分在实践上与政治上的奥秘。亚里士多德把营养灵魂预设为所有生命形式的前提，使其与感觉灵魂、理性灵魂相隔离的做法，激发了阿甘本对生命做进一步的细分与切割。\n\n第二章 阿甘本生命政治学理论建构的生命概念及主权逻辑\n\n121\n\n①《亚里士多德全集》第3卷，33页，北京，中国人民大学出版社，1992。\n\n② R. B. Onians, The Origins of European Thought : About the Body , the Mind , the Soul, the World, Time and Fate, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988, p. 93.","previous_page":120,"next_page":122}