{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","title":"[当代国外马克思主义哲学研究丛书]生命权力、生命形式与共同体：阿甘本生命政治学研究","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303265565","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","id":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","uuid":"20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","title":"[当代国外马克思主义哲学研究丛书]生命权力、生命形式与共同体：阿甘本生命政治学研究","normalized_title":"当代国外马克思主义哲学研究丛书生命权力生命形式与共同体阿甘本生命政治学研究","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303265565","isbns":["9787303265565"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":450,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%5B%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%9B%E4%B9%A6%5D%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E3%80%81%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93%EF%BC%9A%E9%98%BF%E7%94%98%E6%9C%AC%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/20947892-108a-4864-b832-9f0f48b3a72c/search"},"page":{"printed_page":123,"pdf_page":140,"physical_index":140,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7206b1e5bf90e0c55ea559d1e729a3f625c23cf1bd778bbe723f0efcb0a0c4f8"},"chapter":"第二章 阿甘本生命政治学理论建构的生命概念及主权逻辑","content":"其二，福柯追随老师康吉莱姆的生命与规范概念，其生命政治学理论在很大程度上深受康吉莱姆生命科学思想的影响。康吉莱姆认为：“生命是一种规范性的活动。”②生命的规范性并不是静止的，而是具有不确定性与不稳定性，并且包含动态的双极性，既能积极地、主动地生产创造性的活动，改变周围的环境以及生命的标准，又会被动性地、消极性地承受环境带来的威胁与危险要素。前者表现的是自我创造的运动，打破陈旧的规范，建立崭新的规范；后者表现的是倾向于自我保护、自我平衡的守护运动。简而言之，生命并不是物体，并不是实体概念，而是一种极性化的活动。生命本身具有动态性。其实，康吉莱姆也受到了比夏的影响。例如，比夏认为，生命规律具有可变性与不规则性，生命在有机规律中会表现出异常、偏差的变化。康吉莱姆则在比夏认识论的基础上探讨了病理学概念中的差错概念。康吉莱姆也看到“是生命本身，而不是医学判断，使生物学上的正常成为一个价值概念，而不是一个现实统计概念。”①显然，康吉莱姆拒绝依据某种标准、规则或平均常数去识别生命本身的特殊性。普遍化的策略忽略了个体自身的差异，忽视了外在环境因素可能带来的影响，因此，绝对标准化的、量化的、机械化的统计数据是不可取的，不能成为正常与病态的判断标准。正是这种生命的规范性特征以及康吉莱姆“否定性的价值”层面的探讨，使福柯在社会、政治等领域开拓了另一种研究风格与路线，而这在福柯生命政治学理论中的体现即征服生命与生命抵抗策略：虽然权力装置渗透到了整个话语系统，但是生命依然具有创造力。\n\n第二章 阿甘本生命政治学理论建构的生命概念及主权逻辑\n\n123\n\n① Xavier Bichat, Physiological Researches on Life and Death, translated from the French by Tobias Watkins, printed by Smith & Maxwell, Philadelphia, 1809, pp. 2-7.\n\n② Georges Canguilhem, On the Normal and the Pathological, translated by Carolyn R. Fawcett, 1978, D. Reidel Publishing Company, p. 70.","previous_page":122,"next_page":124}