{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","uuid":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","normalized_title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","isbns":["9787508673165"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":735,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E7%9A%84%E9%99%90%E5%BA%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":163,"pdf_page":171,"physical_index":171,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"378f08bffc0cd5a491ba528aaf81b4455f32f891fe5c761d45c4e082556e1904"},"chapter":"第3章生产与消费、需求与供给以及剩余价值的实现","content":"我限制了自己对这些术语的用法，使得“毁灭”（destruction）与“使用价值”相联系，“贬值”（depreciation）与“交换价值”相联系，“价值丧失”（devaluation）则与“价值”相联系；我希望这可以澄清马克思一些说法的含义。但若我们未能认识到使用价值、交换价值与价值表达了一种根本性的统一—这就要求我们看到，资本的毁灭、贬值和价值丧失是彼此密不可分的一部分那么这种澄清就会付出巨大的代价。\n\n一切危机都是实现的危机，而且会导致资本的价值丧失。只要考察一下资本流通及其可能的拆分方式，就会发现这种价值丧失可以采取不同的可感知的形式：（1）闲置的货币资本；（2）没有得到利用的生产能力；（3）失业的或未能充分就业的劳动力；(4）商品的剩余（过多的库存）。\n\n马克思在《大纲》中（第402页往后）关于这个总体上的观点讲了很多。为了避免误解，我们必须再次设法澄清他的论述。例如，一种常见的错误就是把“实现”的危机当作危机的一种特殊形式：由于没能为商品找到消费者而产生的危机。于是，实现与对商品的出售就被当成了一回事。但是马克思认为，实现所面临的障碍既存在于流通的每个阶段之内，又存在于各个阶段之间。让我们考察一下资本流通面临的这些障碍所采取的不同形式。\n\n(1)时间结构和实现的成本\n\n乍一看，马克思在《大纲》中建立的论述似乎略显怪异。\n\n85\n\n第3章一生产与消费需求与供给以及剩余价值的实现\n\n163","previous_page":162,"next_page":164}