{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","uuid":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","normalized_title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","isbns":["9787508673165"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":735,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E7%9A%84%E9%99%90%E5%BA%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"246 / 391","pdf_page":399,"physical_index":399,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8cb0ab1c7585893d086e35ce4eecc12ef7e509dd70921aac512f2200f58c3597"},"chapter":"第9章 货币、信用和金融","content":"赶来解围的是把货币作为“计算货币”的用法。因此，信用货币的“自然根源”位于商品交换的过程中（《资本论》第1卷，第127页）。信用货币起源于私人约定的汇票和信用券；它们一旦开始作为支付手段来流通，就取得了社会货币的形式。这些货币具有双重优势：它们可以即刻适应商品生产的体量变动（生产者可以简单地增加或减少他们相互之间流通的汇票)，还可以大大节省交易成本和流通成本。所需要的货币商品的数量可以减少为活跃的流通所需要的数量加上账目结算所需要的数量和一笔以防万一的储备基金。\n\n信用货币在另一些方面却有些独特。一张私人约定的汇票无论有可能流通到多么遥远的地方，都始终必须回到它的发源地才能被赎回。其他货币形式并不是以这种方式流通的。一块黄金可以不断转手，并一直保持流通，根本不用回到它的起点。这些货币形式从最开始就是社会性的，尽管投入了私人的用途。相反，信用货币是由私人创造的货币，却可以在投入流通时服务于社会目的。然而，当原本的债务还清之后，信用货币就从流通中消失了。信用货币在私人的活动中不断地被创造、被毁灭。这是一个至关重要的观点。一方面，它描述了私人和机构（比如银行）按照商品交易的体量来即时调整货\n\n第9章－货币信用和金融\n\n246\n\n391","previous_page":398,"next_page":400}