{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","uuid":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","normalized_title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","isbns":["9787508673165"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":735,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E7%9A%84%E9%99%90%E5%BA%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":268,"pdf_page":276,"physical_index":276,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6248cab9b01b8435bbe013989098c0f87b71cc3d041ca41676aebf2c5d1e2baa"},"chapter":"第6章 积累的动态","content":"不论资本积累的步伐是怎样的，都有一些机制会让剥削率得以不断上升马克思确切地说明了这些机制。在可用的劳动供给面前，技术变革和组织变革大大减少了对劳动的需求，从而产生了“相对过剩人口”或“产业后备军”。简言之，一部分的劳动力大军被抛出了工作岗位，被机器取代了。\n\n过剩的工人人口是积累…的必然产物，但是这种过剩人口反过来又成为资本主义积累的杠杆，甚至成为资本主义生产方式存在的一个条件。过剩的工人人口形成一支可供支配的产业后备军，它绝对地从属于资本，就好像它是由资本出钱养大的一样。过剩的工人人口不受人口实际增长的限制，为不断变化的资本增殖需要创造出随时可供剥削的人身材料。7（《资本论》第1卷，第632页）\n\n这种由技术引起的失业不仅带来了一个劳动力的储备库，从而为剩余价值转变为新的可变资本提供了方便，而且向工资率施加了下行压力：\n\n产业后备军在停滞和中等繁荣时期加压力于现役劳动军，在生产过剩和亢进时期又抑制现役劳动军的要求。所以，相对过剩人口是劳动供求规律借以运动的背景。它把这个规律\n\n160\n\n资本的限度\n\n268","previous_page":null,"next_page":269}