{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","uuid":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","normalized_title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","isbns":["9787508673165"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":735,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E7%9A%84%E9%99%90%E5%BA%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"304 / 473","pdf_page":481,"physical_index":481,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a1118efbaa8c4727e9fffe532cff20e7eace1e2e46186c3a656c4fde46e071bc"},"chapter":"第10章 金融资本及其矛盾","content":"但是信用体系的权力在产业面前的增长还倾向于迫使利润率平均化（企业利润与利率的联系现在是非常有力的）。追求可贷资金的竞争变得更加尖锐了，利率也开始上升了。一旦劳动出现了短缺，产业家就会被推入为了相对剩余价值而相互竞争的斗争。工资倾向于超过劳动力的价值。强有力的技术调整成了一种必要。我们目睹了“各种形式的固定资本的显著扩大和新型大企业的大批开张”。这需要越来越多的借贷资本，并越来越牢固地使得产业为货币资本服务。但是企业利润只是未来收益的其中一种形式：为了吸引借贷资本，为了得到资金，产业家必须与土地投机商、交易所经纪人、政府债务的经营者等等相互竞争。“依靠货币信用进行操作的冒险家们，才引人注目地涌现出来。”35（《资本论》第3卷，第488页）\n\n(4)投机狂热\n\n基于信用的扩张导致了价格上涨，原因无非在于流通手段的总量现在远远凌驾于社会的劳动产品之上。不仅如此，失业也几乎消失了，而且工资率开始飙升马克思评论说，劳动条件在危机前夕总是处于最佳水平。对工资品的有效需求依然强劲，但较高的工资现在逐渐减缓了资本积累，同时利率的上升也削减了企业利润。产业家陷入了“利润缩减”，拼命想办法在困境中为自己创造一条出路。他们在这方面得到了信用体系的辅助和怂恿，因为信用体系到此为止一直在助长生产和实现。但为了做到这一点，必要的代价就是创造数量庞大的虚拟资本，为“最巨大的赌博欺诈制度”36腾出地盘。\n\n在这种投机狂热背后，均衡明显受到了深度干扰。部类之\n\n第10章金融资本及其矛盾\n\n304\n\n473","previous_page":480,"next_page":482}