{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","id":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","uuid":"228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title":"资本的限度","normalized_title":"资本的限度","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508673165","isbns":["9787508673165"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":735,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E7%9A%84%E9%99%90%E5%BA%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/228f0c0d-2779-4136-9d68-0e7616b3a34f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":481,"pdf_page":489,"physical_index":489,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bd6336dc993055d9e82d2e87ff2738c7338a98fe757633434a16087044122f71"},"chapter":"第10章 金融资本及其矛盾","content":"不幸的是，问题并没有那么简单。中央银行所发行的货币可以有诸多使用方式。它可以滋养虚拟资本的流通，从而使投机狂热高涨。它也可以转变为对商品的有效需求（而不是对所有权证书的有效需求)。凯恩斯坚持认为，后者对经济的稳定而言比前者更加重要；他试图通过特定的财政政策（而非纯粹的货币政策）来引导有效需求，以此来促进稳定，而不是加深不均衡的倾向。以下是这个观点的一个简化版本。在萧条的时期，国家可以实行预算赤字——这种赤字可以通过在资本市场上借债来偿付——由此创造对商品的有效需求。尽管有效需求的提高解决了交换领域中的实现问题，但对可贷资金的需求的增加—它的供给并没有任何相应的增加会迫使利率升高，可能还会达到“高利贷极限程度”。这会对工业和商业的经营产生灾难性的影响（虽然对银行资本明显没有影响)，还会强行推动价值丧失，而国家的政策最初正是为了避免这种价值丧失而设计的。然后，有一种强大的压力要求增加高品质货币的供给，以便使利率回落。中央银行如果采取了这样一种行动，就可以有助于避免商品的价\n\n第10章一金融资本及其矛盾\n\n481","previous_page":480,"next_page":482}