{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":125,"pdf_page":141,"physical_index":141,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"5bd2b9a665d5f2efbaf7eb34a1d216cb369f2cbb946351725eb94206b162064d"},"chapter":"第三章具体化西蒙栋和建构主义","content":"在官方政策讨论中不断提到的成本-利益分析和权衡(tradeoffs)倾向于阻止这种政治。因为我们的技术在设计时没有考虑到较弱行动者所支持的价值观，他们新提出的要求显示为是在道德或意识形态上的必要性(imperatives)，它们实施起来代价高昂，而不是作为等待实现的潜能。反对改革的反复出现的争论认为，通过技术附加，设计将变得更加复杂和昂贵。按照西蒙栋的说法，它们会变得更抽象。理性的个人应该选择繁荣而不是意识形态。②\n\n例如，为了满足新的环境要求，在汽车排气系统中增加了一个催化转换器，从而极大地增加了成本。每一项功能运输和保持空气质量都由其各自独立的结构提供；汽车变得更加“抽象”。当在现实中，日益增加的抽象及其相关成本是某个特定设计过程的副作用，而当这个过程已经忽略了几代人所处的环境时，这似乎代表了铭刻在汽车技术本质中的一种必不可少的权衡。最终通过新的燃油喷射系统找到了一个具体的解决方案，并且这除了减少污染之外还有其他好处，例如改进性能和油耗。\n\n第三章 具体化西蒙栋和建构主义\n\n125\n\n① Nichole Dusyk, \"Constructing andContesting Clean Energy in British Columbia: The Role of Local Engagement\"(unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, 2012), sec. 2. 2. 2; S. L. Star and J. R. Griesemer, \"Institutional Ecology, Translations' and Boundary Objects: Amateurs and Professionals in Berkeley's Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 1907 – 39\", Social Studies of Science 19, no.3(August 1,1989): 387-420, doi:10. 1177/030631289019003001. See also Geoffrey C. Bowker, Stefan Timmermans, Adele E. Clarke, and Ellen Balka, eds. , Boundary Objects and Beyond: Working with Leigh Star (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016).\n\n83\n\n②我意识到，在科学的社会研究学会的会议上，这样的说法是难以想象的，但是，只要看报纸或听电视上的政治辩论，就能看出他们在整个社会中仍然是霸主。","previous_page":124,"next_page":126}