{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":160,"pdf_page":176,"physical_index":176,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"74c4a96434461f155ac0e1072c1822424ff740955a5a947545a2328eeb589c57"},"chapter":"第四章讨论中的互联网","content":"互联网是公众讨论的重要场所。它所支持的进步政治活动的名单每年都越来越长，而且越来越令人印象深刻从墨西哥的扎帕蒂斯塔运动到反对世贸组织和国际货币基金组织的抗议活动，或者世界范围内反对伊拉克战争的示威活动。在引发阿拉伯之春和占领华尔街运动的空前抗议活动中，脸书和Twitter补充了更传统的讨论和动员手段。互联网也影响选举政治，霍华德·迪恩(HowardDean)的竞选活动首次引起人们的注意，并在巴拉克·奥巴马（Barack Obama)和唐纳德·特朗普(DonaldTrump)的选举中扮演重要角色。在所有这些情况下，通过让活动人士直接与数百万的在线通信者交谈，互联网已经打破了商业和政府主导的官方媒体和电视网络几乎垄断的局面。\n\n美国最近的选举结果证实了互联网的政治意义，如果还不算作它的进步贡献的话。是的，右翼也可以利用互联网来模拟反抗，它也可以传播自己对事件的看法。但是，互联网通过建立个人从不与持不同意见者相接触的回音室，使公共生活两极分化，这种主张遭到了在政治辩论的其他活动场所，对报纸文章的争论性评论的驳斥。互联网可能对使粗暴言行公开化负一些责任，并且通过削弱“官方”媒体的权威，助长了党派分歧。但与强大的共和党及其亿万富翁支持者的政治战略相比，这些影响微不足道。自由贸易对工人阶级的影响、劳工运动的弱化、不公正的改划选区和保守的大众媒体是寻找两极分化解释的明显场所。然而，选举确实显示出一种不祥的趋势，其重要性仍然难以衡量：利用社交机器人进行宣传的新技术展现了对公共领域的旧威胁的一种新版本。①\n\n160\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活\n\n①Jurgen Habermas, The Structural Trans formation of the Public Sphere, trans. T. Burger (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1991); Lee Salter, “Democracy, New Social Movements, and the Internet: A Habermasian Analysis\", in Cyberactivism:Online Activism inTheory and Practice, ed. Martha McCaughey andMichael D. Ayers (New York:Routledge, 2003),117-144.","previous_page":null,"next_page":161}