{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":184,"pdf_page":200,"physical_index":200,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"591160ee90fbaa8612be6d048a66d9290fd85ae41758c373c43cfa8616ebedd0"},"chapter":"第五章技术体系时代的理性和经验","content":"马尔库塞在1964年最终出版了《单向度的人》一书。其中第五章和第六章是对海德格尔著名的技术的追问一文的隐含回应。与海德格尔的存在的历史相反，马尔库塞在区分客观理由与主观理由的基础上提出了合理性的历史。\n\n我们不妨简单地看一看他的结论。古希腊时代的合理性面对的是一个由独立事物组成的世界。希腊人比如亚里士多德认为，事物是具有本质形式与目的的“实体”。“是”与“应该”在潜在的本质中并无冲突。说“人是理性的动物”就是用该物种的最高潜能来表达人的本质。具有生成特性的合理性在古希腊被理解为以实践的方式得以实现的“技术”(techne)，即与工艺和艺术创作有关的知识。这种知识包含着通过“技术”在物质中得以现实化的本质。\n\n“技术”在近代被经验与理解世界的科学方式所替代。新科学的先验预设有三个本质性特征形式化、量化和工具化。科学并不直接处理经验，而是把经验获取的所有内容都转化为遵从形式化定律的量化内容。事物不具有本质，而是由等待着转化和重组的功能性单位组成的。这一立场消除了目的，因而也消除了世界的潜能。在关心真的同时并不关心善与美，这是价值中立的科学的基础。\n\n184\n\n125\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活","previous_page":null,"next_page":null}