{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":28,"pdf_page":44,"physical_index":44,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b9c9627ad11763308bd290482ef8c2c76d891095ce317cd4e083e985c19f7fde"},"chapter":"第一章福柯之后的马克思","content":"我要为后一种结论进行辩护。\n\n对马克思著作的传统理解并不是没有实质性的文本支持，而是不完全了解马克思最深刻的洞见。这一洞见首先是由早期马克思主义者卢卡奇明确指出的。他的物化理论揭示出被看作合理体系的资本主义的内在局限。“资本主义生产的整个结构是以以下两个方面的相互作用为基础的。一方面，一切个别现象中存在着严格合乎规律的必然性；另一方面，总过程却具有相对的不合理性。”①资本主义的合理性—其受规律支配的“必然性”是其不合理性的基础。这一点在工厂内合理的生产秩序和市场的“无秩序”之间的矛盾中体现得最明显。但在政治经济学的描述中，市场也有一个合理的形式。卢卡奇将马克思对官僚主义和资本主义技术的进路扩展到整个技术体系。他将马克思主义解释为关于技术体系的物化合理性的危机的理论。第一代法兰克福学派的工具合理性批判发展了卢卡奇的洞见。\n\n作为一种合理性的批判理论，马克思主义与福柯对构成现代组织基础的科学技术规训(scientific-technical disciplines)的批判有许多共同之处。对福柯而言，现代性的根本创新就是对知识形式的信赖，而这些知识形式同时也是权力的形式。②与马克思和卢卡奇一样，福柯也声称，对这个体系的抵抗，是忍受其施加人生目\n\n28\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活\n\n① Georg Lukács, History and Class Consciousness, trans. R.Livingstone (Cambridge,MA：MITPress，1971)，102;也参阅第96页、103页。参见卢卡奇：《历史与阶级意识》，杜章智、任立、燕宏远译，北京：商务印书馆1992年版，第166页。\n\n②Jacques Bidet, Foucault avec Marx(Paris: La Fabrique editions, 2014), 174.","previous_page":27,"next_page":29}