{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":293,"pdf_page":309,"physical_index":309,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"c37ad4c874ce21edef8066fed5093b2acd29a17941d99cfd29512966f619fed6"},"chapter":"第七章抗争的逻辑","content":"顶峰。\n\n批判建构主义将建构主义的不确定性概念列入发端于启蒙、为马克思主义所推进并在当前旨在变革技术体系的社会运动中得以更新的政治论争之中。这一进路把早期批判理论与当代理论及其实践联系了起来。在由资本主义的绝对命令决定技术发展标准受到民主干预的挑战这一更为广阔的域境中，它将对技术体系的抗争情境化了。崛起于网络资本主义的屈从的知识(Subjugated knowledges)和参与的兴趣，创建和激励了针对技术体系设计的抗争。内在于技术体系的经验假定了一种能与技术专家互动的合理性形式。\n\n由此，批判建构主义通过修改批判理论自身，满足了艾伦所要求的对进步观念的修正。\n\n抗争的合理性\n\n针对保守主义对已经建成体系所作的辩护—因其代表了生命不可逾越的事实，早在建构主义之前很久，批判理论就断言，“事实是通过主体性的调节制造出来的”。①问题是谁制造了它们，而他们又服务于谁的利益？提出这个问题就是对理性的批判运用的一种操练。这就是康德称之为“启蒙”的一个例子，即“人从自己所加于自身的不成熟中涌现出来”。①在康德的时代，宗教领袖是使人们处于无知的“监护人”。如今，康德式的挑战拓展到技术统治论。批判建构主义将技术体系的政治理解为官方合理性与非正式日常抗争的合理性之间的辩证关系。启蒙意味着在辩证法中占有一席之地。\n\n结论：进步的问题\n\n293\n\n① Herbert Marcuse, \"The Problem of Social Change in the Technological Society,\" in Herbert Marcuse — Towards a Critical Theory of Society: \\_Collected Papers of Herbert Marcuse, ed. D. Kellner, vol. 2 (London: \\_Routledge, 2001) ,55.","previous_page":292,"next_page":294}