{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":48,"pdf_page":64,"physical_index":64,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7538c6e9c41e9244415e7818651f78099b90f59be34826f0653ebacae990ef63"},"chapter":"第一章福柯之后的马克思","content":"夸张。\n\n在过去几个世纪里，去技能和机械化是发明的一般特征，它们似乎对经济发展是很重要的。技术的进步通过机器取代人而在占主流地位的文化中被界定。这种进步所采取的技术合理性的形式使得察觉它的偶然性变得困难。结果是，马克思主义者和自由主义者所分享的旧的进步理念流行到20世纪70年代，直到哈里·布雷弗曼(HarryBraverman)开创性的著作《劳动与垄断资本》(Labor and Monopoly Capital)更新并发展了马克思对去技能的批判。①\n\n福柯的贡献支持了对马克思理论的概括。在马克思的时代，大多数技术都应用在工厂，因此关于技术的斗争是阶级斗争。今天马克思的进路可以在超出工厂的范围应用。技术无处不在，包括远离生产的领域。越来越像资本主义管理的管理层级以技术为中介。手工劳动的去技能及其完全屈从于管理预示了20世纪在技术发达的社会中类似权威主义关系的扩散，这是技术化管理的“控制革命”。②\n\n从建构主义立场看，所有这些都和设计有关，因为设计的过程将意义和事件放置在一起。这是一个领域，在这个领域里社会组织从物质上表达他们的世界观并发展他们的观点和兴趣。设计通过将不同层次的功能集合在一起而推进，这些不同层次的功能对应于行动者将之归于人造物的不同意义。对技术体系的研究必须识别这些层次并解释它们的关系。这产生了马克思意义上的“具体的”解释。它揭示了围绕技术而形成的社会组织的合作生产和形成这些社会组织的设计。\n\n32\n\n48\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活\n\n① Harry Braverman, Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Workin the TwentiethCentury(New York: Monthly Review Press, 1974).\n\n②James R. Beniger, The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the In formation Society (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986).","previous_page":47,"next_page":null}