{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":62,"pdf_page":78,"physical_index":78,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"728f44ca9b6476684770d9dade23eac5a18cb1e2bed2a0ebcf1ce7bdef0b4984"},"chapter":"第二章批判的建构主义","content":"论批判理论\n\n术语“批判理论”是模棱两可的，不仅因为许多与法兰克福学派无关的思潮滥用它，而且因为法兰克福学派自身在其第一代和后面数代之间经历了巨大的分化。在这一部分，我将解释为什么尽管哈贝马斯做出了重要贡献，我仍然相信只有第一代为批判的建构主义提供了可以解决技术体系的政治学的出发点。\n\n批判理论最初由20世纪20年代和30年代的德国马克思主义者所发展。它最著名的成员包括马克斯·霍克海默、西奥多·阿多诺、赫尔伯特·马尔库塞和瓦尔特·本雅明(Walter Benjamin)。他们受到格奥尔格·卢卡奇思想的影响，他的“物化”(reification)概念描述了复杂且充满活力的社会关系被压缩为明显由法律支配(law-governed)(社会的)事物。①卢卡奇认为，物化社会中的人将自己看作是孤立的个体。如此他们不能改变社会生活的法律，只能将自己用作技术控制的基础。法兰克福学派继续了这个批判的路径，将物化制度去神秘化并使被社会和经济法律的偏向性\n\n62\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活\n\n41\n\n① Lukács, History and Class Consciousness, 也参见 Andrew Feenberg, The Philosophy of Praxis: Marx, Lukács and the Frank furt School (London; Verso, 2014) , chap. 4.","previous_page":61,"next_page":null}