{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":71,"pdf_page":87,"physical_index":87,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"0cbb8fed96c5613b0c97e4adc2034f574aaf08ea9c00dd1da2a081bff5ea3a3e"},"chapter":"第二章批判的建构主义","content":"然而，其他学者，包括那些受布鲁诺·拉图尔(BrunoLatour)著作影响的人在内，反对说：在将技术相对化时，这条进路将社会绝对化。拉图尔对行动者网络理论的阐述试图使建构主义脱离他所考虑的对人类意图的过度强调，转而关注这个网络的物质层面。因此行动者网络理论将建构主义进路扩大至被融入技术网络的东西。它关于功能性的“人类和非人类的对称”的辩护区别于社会建构主义的对称理论。②行动者网络理论模糊了人类的意向性行为和事物的因果力量之间的区分，用中性术语能动性来指称两者。人与事在网络中结合并影响他们所从属的网络。行动者网络理论中的“纲领”概念做的是建构主义的阐释概念所做的工作，附带以下条件，即事物可能也有纲领，因为它们的能动性在这个网络生活中也起作用。\n\n行动者网络理论避免了有时候会归于社会建构主义的主观主义和相对主义，但是它以一种奇怪的方式来这样做不是通过重新引入被科学研究所认同的事物的客观特征，而是通过描述它们在其所从属的网络中的作用。一种类似的还原剥夺了人类的内在性。①人与事在网络中应该被理解为本质上的行动者，而不是理解为主体和客体。主客之分、意义与因果性之分于是被解释为误导性的现代性理论操作，拉图尔称之为“净化”(purification)。②这种事后的认识论机敏策略(coup)掩盖了该网络混合的社会技术现实的根本重要性。\n\n第二章 批判的建构主义\n\n71\n\n① Theodor Adorno, Introduction to Sociology, trans. E. F. N. Jephcott (Cambridge: Polity,2000),161-162, n15.\n\n②关于早期的争论，参见 Andrew Pickering，ed.，Science as Practice and Culture (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992) , chaps, 10 – 12。","previous_page":70,"next_page":72}