{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":83,"pdf_page":99,"physical_index":99,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f556d7b13993fa8993af5f479830cf8e06a65804884b6161d6c74c0f0295905f"},"chapter":"第二章批判的建构主义","content":"分化与翻译\n\n技术公民身份的概念提出了关于专长角色的问题。普通人基于日常体验而不是对技术规训的掌握干预技术决定，专家拥有规训知识并具有执行技术决定的资质而外行则没有。体验的主张和技术规训的主张在设计过程中必须被调和，只有从狭隘的和教条主义的角度看，难题才是不可解决的。在真实的技术世界中，外行和专家之间大量未获承认的对话是技术决策的正常特征并且应该继续发展。①\n\n如果我们有不同的印象并且害怕傲慢的专长和不合理的体验，那是发生在19世纪的技术规则变化的结果。在那之前，司法当局与工匠和社区合作，对生产的有害外部性进行管制。当它应用于技术活动时，判例法体现了积累的经验智慧(accumulatedwisdom of experience)。②在19世纪，以工人、社区和技术使用者为代价，为快速的技术发展清理了道路。据称的普遍的科学知识取代了域境知识，由专家权威所支持的中央行政管制取代了传统的对技术的司法制约。在工业资本主义的影响下，这些变化伴随着大幅度增加的社会分化。\n\n第二章 批判的建构主义\n\n83\n\n① Harry M. Collins and Robert Evans, \"The Third Wave of Scienee Studies: Studies of Expertise and Experience,\" Social Studies of Science 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 235- 296，doi：10.1177/0306312702032002003。在工程师和用户结合处所发生的对设 计的挑战，其例子可以在以下文献中找到：Ulrike Felt，Rayvon Fouché，Clark A. Miller, and Laurel Smith-Doerr, eds., Handbook of Science and Technology Studies (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016), chaps. 31 and 17。\n\n② Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent, L'Opinion Publique et la Science: à Chacun son Ignorance ( Paris: Éditions la Découverte, 2013 ); Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, L'Apocalypse Joyeuse (Paris: Éditions du Seuil,2012).","previous_page":82,"next_page":84}