{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":84,"pdf_page":100,"physical_index":100,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"31edae2a6bd40bac9db30b2f9c4efcb1967546245548e4bc34666f3223324e66"},"chapter":"第二章批判的建构主义","content":"技术工作从日常生活中分离是现代化的分化过程的重要方面。中世纪的手工业行会既是社会组织也是专业组织，除了规定价格、培训和质量，它们还有许多其他功能。那些技艺不是建立在现代意义上的技术规训基础之上，而是建立在传统的材料和实践知识、经验规则，以及法国人称作手法(tours demain)等基础之上。他们需要保持这种“秘密”恰好是因为它们可以传授给有经验的消费者(experienced consumers)。事实上，生产的最后阶段经常需要消费者在被称作“夯实”(breakingin)的过程中来完成这件人造物。\n\n现代的技术工作依赖于专门的技术规训。这些规训的语言只能被发起者，即那些受过规训训练的人所理解。行会的社会和宗教关切随着技术工人的独立而被剥夺。今天，大多数的技术工作都在商业企业中进行，这大大地改变了它的特征和目标。\n\n作为商业基础的财产体系也受到了分化过程的影响。在前资本主义社会，所有权包含着宽泛的责任。土地所有者有政治、司法和宗教的功能，资本主义为了利润的利益而剥夺了所有这些义务和权利，其他目标诸如提供就业和保护社区也逐渐被抛弃了。①这种新形式的财产解释了工业革命的毁灭性逻辑，对自然和人类的漠不关心塑造了现代技术。贯穿整个发展过程，科学和技术知识的应用没有考虑企业的社会和自然域境。狭隘的专业化和狭隘的经济目标相互补充，因而产生的简化加速了技术进步，但也导致了我们今天才刚刚开始面临的问题。\n\n55\n\n84\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活\n\n① GeorgSimmel, The Philosophy of Money, trans. T. Bottomore and D. Frisby (London:Routledge& Kegan Paul, 1978),331- 354.","previous_page":83,"next_page":null}