{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","id":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","uuid":"231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title":"技术体系：理性的社会生活","normalized_title":"技术体系理性的社会生活","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787552024104","isbns":["9787552024104"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":328,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB%EF%BC%9A%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/231a69de-8526-4d34-8fa7-231b09af93a8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":88,"pdf_page":104,"physical_index":104,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f3af52baa3e18a45ee7154b7cb00f739515700a7b6ba560d99ea3503f0e13e4c"},"chapter":"第二章批判的建构主义","content":"批判的建构主义通过分析行动者归于人造物的不同意义的设计层次来表达这些复杂性，②增加层次对应于接受更多的社会投入。人造物不是连贯的个体，而是或多或少集成的部分的连接和组合。就像再生羊皮纸卷一样，它们的不同部分体现了意义的层次，而意义的层次反映了不同的社会和技术影响。对技术的研究一定要识别出这些层次并解释它们的关系。这就产生了马克思意义上的“具体的”解释，正如在第一章中所分析的。它揭示了围绕技术而形成的社会组织的合作生产以及形成它们的技术设计。\n\n通常，在最终的设计中，明显冲突的利益在一定程度上达成了妥协。结果可能涉及权衡和妥协，导致一个对各方都不算完美的设计。最有意思的当属那些案例，在其中，优美的创新可能满足所有不同的需求却无效能损失。吉尔伯特·西蒙栋将这些创新称为“具体化”，即将不同的功能合并在一个单一结构中。③下一章将具体讨论这个概念，第四章将这一概念应用于互联网。\n\n88\n\n58\n\n技术体系：理性的社会生活\n\n①Alexander,The Mantra of Efficiency, 166 - 170.\n\n②为这种方法提供例证的两种批判的建构主义研究是Feenberg，Between Reason andExperience, chap.6 和 Darryl Cressman, Building Musical CultureinNineteenth-Century Amsterdam: The Concertgebouw (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press,2015)。\n\n③ Gilbert Simondon, Du Moder d'Existence des Objets Techniques (Paris: Aubier-Montaigne, 1958),chap. 1.","previous_page":87,"next_page":89}