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Bratton","content":"Rainbow is another classic example (Google it). We also discussed “ On the Origin of the ‘ Influencing Machine ’ in Schizophrenia ” by Viktor Tausk from 1933, and Karl Popper ’ s writing on conspiracy theory and narcissistic attribution errors. Popper wrote that members of informationally and socially isolated groups (which means today any Internet subculture) tend toward a kind of paranoid cognition. They become suspicious and distrustful of society and susceptible to “ sinister attribution errors. ” As Cass Sunstein puts it, “ This error occurs when people feel that they are under pervasive scrutiny, and hence they attribute personalistic motives to outsiders and overestimate the amount of attention they receive. Benign actions that happen to disadvantage the group are taken as purposeful plots, intended to harm. They overestimate the amount of attention they receive [emphasis mine] . Benign actions that happen to disadvantage the group are taken as purposeful plots, intended to harm. ” See Cass R. Sunstein and Adrain Vermeule, “ Conspiracy Theories, ” Coase-Sandor Working Papers in Law and Economics, University of Chicago Law School, 2008. Keller and I discussed how, in some Software Studies circles, people compare Google AdWords to the Stasi with a straight face. We discussed how conspiracy theory politics mirrors the absent User, except that here it is the absent agency. In a way, it is a kind of secular creationism, or at least intelligent design. It holds that systems can ’ t evolve according to their own selec tive processes; rather, some agent must have caused this to take place. Google or the NSA, or Bush or Obama, or the Jews or Goldman Sachs, some absent and abstract Oedipal first mover, must be the source of this confusion and misery. We discussed the strong gravity field between the overestimation of WikiLeaks ’ significance and Truther websites, which suggests that apophenia has, for the geopolitics of technology, risen to the level of a political ethics, and that the “ Influencing Machine ” is no longer the purview of psychiatrists but now also sociologists.\n\n20. “ But Palantir ’ s central privacy and security protection would be what Karp calls, with his academic ’ s love of jargon, ‘ the immutable log. ’ Everything a user does in Palantir creates a trail that can be audited. No Russian spy, jealous husband or Edward Snowden can use the tool ’ s abilities without leaving an indelible record of his or her actions. Why had the thought of these data mining projects analyzing their own use not occurred to me until just now? ” Andy Greenberg, “ How a ‘ Deviant ’ Philosopher Built Palantir, a CIA-Funded Data-Mining Juggernaut, ” Forbes, August 14, 2014, http://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/08/14/agent-of-intelligencehow-a-deviant-philosopher-built-palantir-a-cia-funded-data-mining-juggernaut/2/.\n\n21. Jacob Appelbaum, Laura Poitras, and Trevor Paglen, “ Art as Evidence ” (panel at Transmediale, Haus Der Kulturen Der Welt, Berlin, 2014), http://www.transmediale.de/content/ presentation-by-jacob-applebaum-at-transmediale-2014-keynote-art-as-evidence.\n\n22. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJ6BuHL0EiQ. Thanks to Serene Han, programmer at Google Ideas, for helping me understand the uProxy technology.\n\n23. See https://webwewant.org/, http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/sep/28/tim -berners-lee-internet-bill-of-rights-greater-privacy, and Agence France-Presse, “ Tim Berners-Lee Calls for Internet Bill of Rights to Ensure Greater Privacy, ” 2014.\n\n24. See http://www.offnow.org/11361, a petition to cut off the water supply to the NSA ’ s Utah data center.\n\nNotes\n\n459","previous_page":458,"next_page":460}