{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":13,"pdf_page":21,"physical_index":21,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d4942db2b94488326d01284d3d643f7c61f33650b382ba7a09307ca359794426"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"法国大革命把自己看作是罗马帝国的重现；它仿制古罗马，一如时尚因袭历史的式样，不管如何留意过去，时尚对现实总是极端敏感，时尚转眼之间便也成了过去……历史语境中的这种变幻是一种辩证的变化，马克思把它理解成革命。①\n\n本雅明所反对的，不仅仅是从模仿样本中产生的理解历史的外来规范，他同样也和这样两种观念斗争：它们在现代历史理解的基础上阻止了新颖之物和突来之物的挑衅，并把它们中立化。本雅明一方面反对一种均一而空洞的时代观，这种时代观具体反映在进化主义和历史哲学“对进步的固执信仰”当中；另一方面，本雅明也反对历史主义把一切都相对化的做法，因为历史主义把历史固囿在博物馆中，“把历史事件的次序像念珠一样在手中捻来捻去”②。罗伯斯庇尔就是这样一个典型，他为了打破历史惯有的连续性，不惜因袭古代罗马，用充满“现时性”的相关过去来替自己助威。罗伯斯庇尔曾力图如超现实主义者制造“震惊”一样，来中止历史的缓慢进程；但是，现代一旦成为现实，它就必须从被征用的过去的镜像中为自己创制规范。这些过去将不再被认为原本就是示范性的。我们不妨留心波德莱尔所说的创造时尚的示范(Model)，以便阐明把捕捉这些蛛丝马迹的行为与模仿古典范本的审美理想对立起来的创造性。\n\n① 瓦尔特·本雅明：《论历史概念》(‘Über den Begriff der Geschichte')，载其：《全集》(Gesammelte Schriften),第1卷，第2册，第701页。\n\n②同上，第704页。\n\n13","previous_page":12,"next_page":14}