{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":15,"pdf_page":23,"physical_index":23,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4800b3d8aca7fd957c9435a16c71f70784b1428a1a33eae3b1eaee408f34a5dd"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"当社会现代化将古代欧洲的农民一手工业者的生活世界所具有的经验空间彻底打破，使之活动起来，并将其贬低为左右期待的指令，现代所特有的未来取向也就呈现了出来。这些世代传承的传统经验被一种进步经验所取代，而后者赋予扎根在过去当中的期待视野以一种“崭新的历史品质，并且永远都带有乌托邦色彩”。②\n\n不过，科瑟勒克忽视了这样一个事实：进步概念并非只是用来使末世论的希望此岸化，并开启一种乌托邦的期待视野；进步概念同时也借助目的论的历史结构来阻塞一种作为不安之来源的未来。本雅明对社会进化理论所曲解的历史唯物主义历史概念提出了批判。他所批判的是面向未来的现代时间意识的不断退化。只要进步变成了一种历史规范，新的品质(对不可预测的开端的重视)就会被排除在现在与未来的关系之外。由此，在本雅明看来，历史主义仅仅是历史哲学的功能替代物。历史学家善于移情，对一切都抱着理解的态度。他们收集了大量的事实，也就是说，他们把握了理想化共时性当中的客观历史进程，以便填充“同质和空洞的时间”。这样，历史学家就剥夺了现在与未来的关系中对理解过去具有重要意义的一切内容：\n\n历史唯物主义者不会放弃这样一种现在概念：现在不是过渡，它在时间当中发生，也在时间当中终结。因为这一概念限定了现在，并用这个“现在”书写了他个人的历史。\n\n① 科瑟勒克：《经验空间与期待视野》，载：《过去的未来》，第359页。\n\n② 科瑟勒克：《过去的未来》，第363页。\n\n15","previous_page":14,"next_page":16}