{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":276,"pdf_page":284,"physical_index":284,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"662a656dbabaae49cd718c5448c8f7f7b9919d78f718c3b7871248d563af7037"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"如果斯大林企图让共产主义制度下所塑造的完人名副其实的话，那么，这一完人就会在一个物质文明产品不会被抛弃的时代里非常接近那种自主权，它与对其他自主权的尊重一道勾画出了原始牧人和猎人的特征。当然，当后者尊重其他人的自主权时，他们也只是出于事实考虑。①\n\n—肯定要补充一条：获得解放的人同时会使对个人自主权的相互尊重成为共同生活的道德基础。巴塔耶必须对斯大林主义冒险转向自由社会主义做出解释，而且不能借助于理性辩证运动的思想模式。他用其普通经济学设计回应了上述挑战。\n\n迄今为止，经济学——包括政治经济学及其批判——都是从一个狭隘的视角考察有限的资源在社会生活再生产的能量循环过程中如何才能得到有效的利用。而针对这种特殊的视角，巴塔耶提出要从普遍的视角来考察宇宙当中的能量利用问题。巴塔耶把这种视角转变同从产业经济系统到宏观经济系统的视角转变相提并论，认为在此基础上，经济学的基本问题也发生了变化：不再是如何利用有限的资源，而是如何无私地消耗过剩的资源。也就是说，巴塔耶把生物学的观点作为自己的出发点：生命有机体吸纳的能量比生命再生产所需要的能量要多得多。多余的能量被用于发育生长。一旦生长停滞下来，没有得到充分吸收的剩余能量就必须通过非生产的渠道释放出去能量必然要白白地消耗掉。消耗的方式原则上可能很“荣耀”，也可能是一场“灾难”。社会文化生活同样也处于剩余能量的压力之下。\n\n① 《理论著作》，第282页。\n\n276","previous_page":275,"next_page":277}