{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":296,"pdf_page":304,"physical_index":304,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bf665b928ec257eeb37c42ca311555b9018e8b1056155c29d15656b606081093"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"解释学追求的是对意义的把握，它怀疑在每一份文献背后都隐藏着一种沉默的声音，需要我们去唤醒它们。这种关于文献充满意义的想法，和解释活动自身一样需要加以质疑。因为，对“作品”和作为文本原创者的“作者”的评论和相关虚构，把派生的文本还原为原初的文本，或者说，建立思想史的因果性等，所有这些都是一种不足为据的复杂的还原工具，都是抑制自发兴起的话语的程序，而后来的解释者则想从自己出发来使用这些话语，使之合乎自己本地的理解视界。考古学家则不然，他们把对话式的文献重新转变成无言的文物(Monumente)，转变成对象，而这些对象要想从结构主义的角度得到描述，就必须脱离其语境。谱系学家从外部接近考古发掘出来的文物，目的是要根据偶然不定的斗争、胜利和失败来阐明这些文物的来源。只有历史学家才会十分鄙视向意义阐释彻底敞开的一切，才会暗中消除认知主体的创造功能。他识破了这是一个十足的骗局：\n\n保证把历史学家所失去的一切都归还给历史学家…保证终有一天可以用历史意识把所有那些被差异遥控的东西重新据为已有。①\n\n主体哲学的基本概念不仅控制着把握客体领域的途径，而且也控制着历史自身。所以，福科主要是想把普遍性的历史学推向终结(c)，因为它很隐蔽地把历史构想为一种宏观意识。独特的历史必须重新分散在不规则出现和不断消逝的多元话语之中，而不是分散在历史叙事的多样性之中。批判的历史学家将首先打破虚假的连续性，而充分关注断裂、转折以及转向。他不会建立任何目的论的联系，也对伟大的因果性毫无兴趣。他不依靠综合，拒绝诸如进步和进化等断代原则；他不把历史划分为不同的年代：\n\n① 《知识考古学》，第23页。\n\n296","previous_page":295,"next_page":297}