{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":307,"pdf_page":315,"physical_index":315,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b5cb1da3447a05a4ce6bbf50724b9049a038d8e889f68469c7e7676002e5ec0c"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"在古典思想中，我们从未……发现这样的人：表象为其而存在，并且他在表象中表现自身，把自已确认为意象或反映。……在十八世纪末以前，人并不存在。……当然，我们可以说，普通语法、自然史和财富分析，在一定意义上都是确认人的方法。……但是，并不存在关于人本身的认识论意识。①\n\n康德拉开了现代的大幕。一旦语言和世界之间关系中的形而上学印记消失了，语言自身的表现功能也就成了一个问题：想像的主体必须把自己变成客体，才会清楚地认识到表现是一个充满问题的过程。自我反思的概念占据了主导地位。而想像主体与自我的关系成了终极确定性的惟一基础。形而上学的终结，也就意味着对事物与观念的客观协调的终结，这种协调是依靠语言默默进行的，因而一直被认为是没有任何问题。人在自我意识中认识到自己处于在场状态，一旦他意识到自己是惟一自主和有限的存在，他就必须承担起超人的使命，建立起一种事物的秩序。因此，福科注意到了，现代知识型从一开始就充满了这样的疑难：认知主体把自己从形而上学废墟中树立了起来，目的是要用有限力量的意识来算清无限力量所要求的一切。康德干脆把这一疑难当作其认识论的构成原则，为此，他把认识能力的有效性转换成无限发展的认识的先验条件：\n\n① 《事物的秩序》，第373页。\n\n307","previous_page":306,"next_page":308}