{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":330,"pdf_page":338,"physical_index":338,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"61b2a76b6f2a8b7abc6b5546354e8406ed593de9b3e31cb184bc904e0c84184d"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"这让我们想到早期卢卡奇的一个论点。因为，按照卢卡奇的看法，马克思主义理论在意识形态上之所以不偏不倚，原因就在于它具有一种经验视角，可以优先获得知识；这个经验视角和雇佣工人的立场一道，是在生产过程中形成的。当然，卢卡奇的这个论点只有在一种历史哲学范围内才站得住脚这种历史哲学试图从无产者的阶级利益中寻找普遍利益，从无产者的阶级意识中发现人类的自我意识。这种历史哲学主张一种享有认识优先性的反权力概念，而这是福科的权力概念所不容许的。任何一种反权力都是在权力范围内活动，而这个权力正是它所反对的；一旦反权力取得胜利，它就会进入一种权力关系，导致新的反权力。即便知识谱系学也无法打破这一循环：它激发起遭到摈弃的知识类型的反抗，动员次要知识起而“反抗理论话语、统一话语、形式话语和科学话语的压迫”②。谁如果在今天征服了理论先锋，并打破了知识的现有等级秩序，明天自身就会成为理论先锋，并建立起一种新的知识等级秩序。无论如何，他都无法根据超越局部共识的有效性要求来确立自己知识的优越性。\n\n因此，谱系学的历史写作根本无法用他自身的手段来防止相对主义的自我否定。由于谱系学根据专家知识与边缘知识的结盟来把握自身的来源，因此，它只不过是证明了，反话语的有效性要求恰恰就是权力话语，反话语的有效性要求不过就是它们所发挥的权力效果。福科看到了这一两难，但他同样未作解答。而且，他又一次坚持他只是在接受尼采理论时才主张的一种好斗的视角主义：\n\n① 《权力/知识》，第61页。\n\n② 同上，第65页。\n\n330","previous_page":329,"next_page":331}