{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","id":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","uuid":"296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title":"现代性的哲学话语","normalized_title":"现代性的哲学话语","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544715829","isbns":["9787544715829"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":463,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%9D%E8%AF%AD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/296fac69-2927-4952-8b17-011f7141a0cd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":421,"pdf_page":429,"physical_index":429,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b5d5565df5694f3bbed071ca8564d24e2b63ac7e3a1096154475d47232d56b9b"},"chapter":"现代性的哲学话语","content":"依靠进化就足够了。①\n\n意见和意志的形成过程高度集中，但又非常贴近生活世界，从这个过程当中，我们可以清楚地看到，社会化和个体化、自我认同与集体认同是紧紧联系在一起的。卢曼还没有掌握建立在语言基础上的主体间性概念，所以，他只有按照整体囊括部分的包容模式来构想这类内在关联。他认为，这是一种“人文主义”的思维模式，并自觉与之保持距离。如帕森斯的例子所表明的那样，这种做法在概念技巧上非常接近主体哲学，由此可见，这不过是对古典模式的仿造，并把社会系统(即帕森斯所说的行为系统)设想为整体，把精神系统作为亚系统而囊括在自己当中。但这样一来，主体哲学受到正确谴责的缺陷，就又进入了系统理论。所以，卢曼决定解决这个问题，而且，他对他的解决方案的理论策略意义有着清醒的认识：\n\n一旦我们把人当作社会的周围世界的一部分(而不是当作社会自身的一部分)，我们就会改变所有传统提问的前提，也包括古典人文主义的前提。③\n\n相反，\n\n谁如果固守这些前提，并借助它们而提出一种人性要求，那么，他就必然会作为系统理论的普遍性要求的对立面而出现。①\n\n① 《社会系统》，第654页。\n\n②卢曼强调：“在人文主义传统中，人内在于而不是外在于社会秩序。人是社会秩序的组成部分，是社会自身的组成部分。人之所以被称作个体，原因在于他对社会而言是一个无法进一步分解的终极因素。”(《社会系统》，第286页)\n\n③《社会系统》，第288页。\n\n421","previous_page":420,"next_page":422}