{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","title":"规训与惩罚 监狱的诞生","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","id":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","uuid":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","title":"规训与惩罚 监狱的诞生","normalized_title":"规训与惩罚监狱的诞生","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":384,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E8%AE%AD%E4%B8%8E%E6%83%A9%E7%BD%9A%20%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%9E%E7%94%9F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/search"},"page":{"printed_page":213,"pdf_page":218,"physical_index":218,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b8fa7cc4e04bd4153388a97cd0b471126d8dc7ed9a4922a33dfc6a60d9377477"},"chapter":"第二章 规训的手段","content":"于是，一系列有关规训个体的符码形成了，从而有可能通过同质化来录译由检查所确定的个人特征，如信号的物理符码，病症的医学符码，行为和表现的教育或军事符码（法典)。这些符码不论在质还是在量上都是简陋的。但是，它们标志着个人在权力关系中“形式化”的第一阶段。\n\n规训书写的其它革新涉及到这些因素的相互关联，文件的积累和序列化以及比较领域的建立。通过比较，进行分类、形成范畴、确定平均水准和规范。18世纪的医院尤其成为文牍方法的大实验室。记录的保管、归纳整理及在巡诊时的流通，医生与行政人员例会上的比较核对，数据的上报（向医院的中心机构或贫民院总署)，个医院、一个城镇甚至全国的疾病、治疗和死亡情况的统计，这些都成为使医院纳人规训制度的过程的一个部分。在一个良好的医疗“规训”（在这\n\n第三部分·第二章 规训的手段\n\n213","previous_page":null,"next_page":null}