{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","title":"规训与惩罚 监狱的诞生","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","id":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","uuid":"2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","title":"规训与惩罚 监狱的诞生","normalized_title":"规训与惩罚监狱的诞生","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":384,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E8%AE%AD%E4%B8%8E%E6%83%A9%E7%BD%9A%20%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%9E%E7%94%9F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2be6ee64-e97a-4f2a-baef-effa0be35e2b/search"},"page":{"printed_page":266,"pdf_page":271,"physical_index":271,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f2cfe98c0b986681cb3f56a11ebbd04c0a9d157035a945b3ed58c1e8bdc67e77"},"chapter":"第一章 彻底而严厉的制度","content":"正是在这一点上，产生了关于美国两种监禁制度即奥本(Auburm)和费城的监禁制度的争论。实际上，这场影响厂泛、旷日持久的争论[6]仅仪集中于应该以何种方式实行隔离，而隔离则是为各方都接受的。\n\n奥本模式规定，夜问使用单人囚室，白人劳动和进餐都在一起，但要保持绝对安静，犯人只能在得到看守的同意后小声地与看守说话。这显然是模仿修道院模式，也是模仿I厂的纪律。监狱应该是一个严格符合下列标准的微观社会：每个人的道德生活都是隔绝的，他们组成一个严格的等级序列，彼此没有横向联系，只能上下沟通，奥本制度的鼓吹者认为，它的优点在于，它是社会木身的一个复制品。它的强制性的保障是物质手段，但首先是一种人们必须学会遵从的统治，而这种统治的保障是监视与惩罚。对待犯人，与其“像对待笼中的野兽那样用锁和钥匙”来控制，不如把他们集中起来，“用有益的活动把他们聚在起，强迫他们养成良好的习惯，通过活跃的监视来防止道德污染，通过沉默的统治来维持犯人的反省。”这种统治使犯人习惯于“把法律视为神的戒律，违反它将导致公正合理的惩戒”（Mittermaier，载《法国人和外国人的立法观》，1836)。因此，这种隔离、不准交流的集中以及由不间断的监督所保证的法律的实施，应该把犯人恢复为社会的人。这种操作应把犯人训练得适应“有益而顺从的话动”(Gasparin)。它应使犯人恢复“友好交往的习惯”(Beaumont&Tocqueville，112)。\n\n266\n\n规训与惩罚—监狱的诞生","previous_page":265,"next_page":267}