{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","uuid":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","normalized_title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","isbns":["7806573151"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":310,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":138,"pdf_page":157,"physical_index":157,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"09ead9cebc72ae1a242e78a30ddc112599372b0f0b0dc1cefa50f03b1ffbe671"},"chapter":"现代性与大屠杀","content":"非人化与现代官僚体系最本质、最理性的趋势密不可分。由于所有官僚体系多少影响着某些作为人的对象，因此非人化的负面影响比将这种影响与它的种族灭绝结果几乎完全等同起来的习惯所具有的影响要普遍得多。战士被命令射击目标，当目标被射中时就会倒下去。大公司的雇员被鼓励去破坏竞争。福利机构的官员在这一时间操纵的是可自由支配的奖金，而在那一时间又是个人存款。他们的对象是补助金的收取者。要感知到并记住所有这些技术术语后面的人是很困难的。而问题在于只要还在官僚体系的目标的范围内，他们最好就不要被感知和记住。\n\n一旦官僚体系执行的任务的人类对象被有效地非人化，并因此被废止了作为道德需求的潜在对象，他们就会被带着道德冷漠的眼光来看待；一旦他们的抵抗或不予合作阻缓了官僚程序的顺畅之流，这种道德冷漠就会很快转变为非难和指责。被非人化的对象连一项“事业”都不可能拥有，更不要说一项“正义”的事业了；他们没有“利益”值得考虑，准确地说就是没有要求主体性的权利。他们因而变成了一个“令人讨厌的因素”。他们的难以管束进一步增强了团结公务员的自尊和友谊的纽带。现在，后者把他们自己看做是一场艰苦斗争中的伙伴，需要勇气、自我牺牲和对事业的无私奉献。不是官僚体制行为的对象，而是行为的主体在遭受痛苦，值得同情并应受到道德的赞扬。他们从镇压受害者的反抗中获得自己尊严的荣誉和信念，就像他们为越过其他任何障碍一样感到自豪。对象的非人化与积极的道德自我评价两者互相强化。公务员可以在忠实地履行职责的同时保持他们自己的道德良知不受到任何的损害。\n\n138","previous_page":137,"next_page":139}