{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","uuid":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","normalized_title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","isbns":["7806573151"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":310,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":211,"pdf_page":230,"physical_index":230,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"253b9083dbe9b657aaa2c8e4e43476b20ea3f40ac89f7a0bdc4969e2879cd47c"},"chapter":"现代性与大屠杀","content":"毫无疑问，通过改变被试者与其行动目标的接近程度和他与行动权威的来源的接近程度之间的平衡，使得技术的道德更加容易地替代实质的道德。有着惊人一致性的是，米格拉姆的实验证明了，在此种替代的有效性和被试者与其行动目标的疏远程度(更多是技术上的而非身体上的)之间，存在着确定的相互依赖性。比如，一次实验表明，当“被试者没有被命令去推电击受害者的扳手，而只是被命令去实施一项辅助性的行动时……在另外一个被试者确实给予了电击之前……四十个成人中有三十七人……继续着最高的电击强度。”(在控制板上标明着“非常危险——XX”。)米格拉姆在自己的结论中认为，在一连串的罪恶行动中，如果个人只是中间的一环，并且远离最后的行动结果，那么在心理上就很容易忽略责任。⑨可以说，对一连串罪恶行动中的中间一环而言，从开始和结果来看，他自己的行动似乎是技术性的。他的行动即刻产生的后果是另外一个技术任务的背景——操作一下电器或者处理一下桌上的纸。在他的行动与受害者的痛苦之间的因果联系被模糊了，可以相对若无其事地把它忽略掉。这样，“义务”与“纪律”就成为一纸空文了。\n\n六 服从之伦理(读来格拉姆)\n\n⑨ 米格拉姆，《服从权威》，p.11。\n\n211","previous_page":210,"next_page":212}