{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","uuid":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","normalized_title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","isbns":["7806573151"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":310,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":226,"pdf_page":245,"physical_index":245,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a3d10a2bdd728d661e68019b61e6040fc95830186148766e7216be727f7e70e8"},"chapter":"现代性与大屠杀","content":"社会安排是使人高贵、促人向上、使人善良的因素，这样一种根深蒂固的信念和涂尔于自己所坚持的观点之实质相抵触，这个观点即行为受到社会禁止所以才是恶的，而不是因为行为恶所以才受到社会的禁止。就其作为一个头脑冷静、带着怀疑眼光的科学家这一面而言，涂尔干戳穿了所有的伪装，并揭示出，邪恶除了遭到一种强大得足以使其意志成为约束性规则的力量的拒斥之外，别无其他实质。但是，他作为热心的爱国者与文明生活的优越性、先进性之虔信者的另一面，只会认为已经被摈弃的实际上才是罪恶的，而且这样的摈弃肯定是使人解放和予人尊严的行动。\n\n这种感情是与对一种生活方式的自我意识相契的，这种生活方式已获得并确保了它在物质上的优越性，由此不得不使自己相信它所遵从的规则也是优越的。毕竟，作为道德化任务之模式的不是“社会本身”，即一种抽象的理论范畴，而是现代西方社会。只有从特定的现代西方的“园艺”社会②的改造狂飙一转换信仰的实践当中，才会产生这样的自信，即首肯规则的实施应被看做人性化的进程，而不是一种形式的人性压制另外一种形式的人性。这种自信认为人性不受社会约束的(不管是轻视约束、不注意约束或者不完全服从约束)表现应当被视为无人性的或者退一万步说是可疑的且具有潜在危险性的特例而加以排除。因此，这种理论观点不光为社会统治其成员，也为社会统治其反对者提供了合法性。\n\n②参看鲍曼，《立法者与解释者》，第3,4章。\n\n226","previous_page":225,"next_page":227}