{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","uuid":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","normalized_title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","isbns":["7806573151"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":310,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":260,"pdf_page":279,"physical_index":279,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8d3f0970e79be8876397a9634d68cbebc8db4d3919d0adbca47cbca127a2a0db"},"chapter":"现代性与大屠杀","content":"在道德管制的领域内所取得的种种社会成就当中，需要提到的是：距离的社会生产，它废止或者削弱了道德责任的压力；技术责任代替了道德责任，这有效地掩盖了行动的道德意义；以及区隔和割离的技术，这增加了对那些应该是道德评价对象以及道德刺激反应对象的他人所遭受的命运的淡漠。还要考虑到，以其所统治的社会的名义僭取了最高伦理权威的国家权力以主权原则进一步强化了所有那些侵蚀道德的机制。除了处处皆然而往往丝毫不起作用的“世界舆论”之外，国家的统治者在他们的统治疆域内，总体上在行使对规范的管理时不会受到任何约束。当然，有充分证据表明，他们在那一领域内的行动越是肆无忌惮，要求他们“缓和”的呼声也就越强烈，而这足以再度确认和强化他们对于道德判断领域的垄断和独裁。\n\n随之而来的是在现代秩序下，道德法则与社会法律之间的那种古老的索福克勒斯式的冲突就没有了缓和的迹象。它只会变得越来越频繁和深刻—抵牾之处则随着压制道德的社会压力而变动。在很多场合下，道德行为意味着采取一种立场，那种立场被本身就是公共舆论和由公共舆论而来的权力指认为是反社会的和颠覆性的(它或者是公然说了出来的，或者不过是由多数人的行动或不行动所表露出来的);在这些情况下，道德行为的激励就意味着反抗社会权威和行动起来以削弱其力量。道德责任不得不依赖于其最原始的起源：在本质上对他人的责任。\n\n这些问题，除了它们的学术意义之外，还有一种紧迫性，希尔博格以这样的语言向我们提示了这种紧迫性：\n\n260","previous_page":259,"next_page":261}