{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","id":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","uuid":"2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title":"现代性与大屠杀","normalized_title":"现代性与大屠杀","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7806573151","isbns":["7806573151"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":310,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/2d9d6c76-db52-4017-b0f5-0c012168939d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":42,"pdf_page":61,"physical_index":61,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"34ef68c358a4fb55fb8b92a82b78245e7e3ac69a6c8ce22c83a8e033b7864512"},"chapter":"现代性与大屠杀","content":"用反犹主义来解释大屠杀还有一个无法解决的问题。反犹主义—宗教的或经济的，文化的或种族的，激烈的或温和的———数千年来一直是个普通现象。但是大屠杀却找不到先例。事实上大屠杀的每一个方面都是独一无二的，与施加在被事先认定为是外来、恶意和危险的群体身上的、无论多血腥的屠杀都没有比较的意义。很显然，由于反犹主义具有永久性和普遍存在性，它无法对大屠杀的独特性做出充分的解释。如果把问题变得更复杂一些，就算反犹主义的存在是反犹太暴力的必要条件，但能否把它看做是其充分条件也不甚明了。科恩认为，一个有组织的“屠杀犹太人的职业”群体(其本身是一个与反犹主义不无联系的现象，但也决不等同于反犹主义)的存在是暴力的物质和操作要素；如果没有这个群体的存在，对犹太人的仇恨无论有多么强烈，也很难进发成对作为邻里的犹太人的人身攻击。\n\n① 费恩戈尔德，《大烛台》(Harry L. Feingold，Menorah)，弗吉尼亚联邦大学犹太人研究计划(Judaies Programme of Virginia Commonwealth University)，no.4,Summer 1985, p.2。\n\n②科恩，《种族灭绝的根由》(Norman Cohn，Warrant for Genocide)，London:Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1967, pp. 267—8。\n\n③ 费恩戈尔德，《大烛台》，p.5。\n\n④ 拉奎尔，《恐怖的秘密》(Walter Laqueur，Terrible Secret)，Harmondsworth:Penguin Books, 1980。\n\n42","previous_page":41,"next_page":43}