{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b","title":"交往与社会进化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b","id":"35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b","uuid":"35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b","title":"交往与社会进化","normalized_title":"交往与社会进化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":284,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%A4%E5%BE%80%E4%B8%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/35f93a8e-9b35-4e9b-8460-73b3e4067e0b/search"},"page":{"printed_page":27,"pdf_page":56,"physical_index":56,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b75981abd4494539d8bd78e54b14f6fc27ba49e08155969a82603a01fdee7cf3"},"chapter":"第一章什么是普遍语用学","content":"在资质理论题目下研究语言应用的计划，要求修正资质与施行(performance)这两个概念。乔姆斯基是这样理解上述概念的：它们使得句子的语音学、句法学、语义学诸方面的性质都在语言学资质重建框架内得到研究，而话语的语用学性质则留给了语言学施行理论。这样一种概念化导致了如下的问题：交往性资质是否不属于某种混合概念？我最初曾将语言学与普遍语用学的区分建立在语句与话语的惯常区分的基础上，根据语法规则，对语句的构造不同于根据语用学规则对语句的运用，这些语用学规则两个重要构成一般性言语情境的基础。但是这种区分带来了下列两个重要问题：\n\n(1） 言语的普遍结构——它对所有独立于特定关联域的话语都具有共同性—能否通过普遍的句子结构被适当地决定？如果能，那么拥有某种语言可重建性的语言学资质的言说者，将同时掌握可能理解的情境，并被言说句子的一般性能力武装起来。但这样一来，有关不同于语言学资质的一般交往性资质的假设，就无从得到证实。\n\n(2)句子(或单词)的语义学性质，就意义的应用理论而言，是否在任何情况下都只能与可能的典型运用的情境相关才会被解释？若如此，则句子与话语间的区分将成为不贴切的，至少就语义学理论来说是这样（只要，总而言之，话语的充分典型的关联域被加以考虑）。一旦存在于句子的语言学分析与话语的语用学分析间的区别依稀难辨，普遍语用学的对象领域就将面临崩溃的\n\n第一章 什么是普遍语用学\n\n27","previous_page":26,"next_page":28}