{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","title":"现代性与自我认同 晚期现代中的自我与社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300220871","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","id":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","uuid":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","title":"现代性与自我认同 晚期现代中的自我与社会","normalized_title":"现代性与自我认同晚期现代中的自我与社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300220871","isbns":["9787300220871"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":246,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E8%AE%A4%E5%90%8C%20%E6%99%9A%E6%9C%9F%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E4%B8%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/search"},"page":{"printed_page":107,"pdf_page":119,"physical_index":119,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"2f7512b57b4f723b00233876edce76d249b0766097f199ab0fca0174ca384aaf"},"chapter":"现代性 与自我认同","content":"决定性时刻会威胁到为人们的本体安全感提供防护的那层保护壳，这是因为对保护壳来说极为重要的“一切正常”之态度必然会被决定性时刻所击穿。在个体必须开始尝试新事物的关键时刻，他们明确知晓，所有作出的选择或采取的行动都将不可逆转，而想要回到原先的状态也将变得十分困难。决定性时刻并不必然意味着人们要面临事情一定会出错的可能性，即面临高失败率的场景。让风险环境变得更难面对的其实是对出错的后果性惩罚的程度。决定性时刻给个体带来的后果严峻之风险，与其带给集体行动的类似风险等量齐观。\n\n风险的参数\n\n由于风险及风险评估对对未来的殖民如此重要，故对风险进行研究便可让我们对现代性的核心要素有更充分的认识。以下几个要素将有助于我们对风险的理解：由抽象体系所高举的日常活动中大范围安全感导致的对个体生命造成危险的风险量之减少；具有制度化界限的风险环境之构建；作为现代性反身性的重要构成部分的风险监控；全球化所导致的后果严峻之风险的出现；在内在不稳定的“风险气候”背景下所有上述元素之运作。\n\n人们想象中的现代社会生活中的风险，与事实上遍及四方的对人类生命造成威胁之危险并不直接相关。在个体生命历程的层面上，就对生活的期待以及免于严重疾病困扰之自由度而言，发达社会中的人们与生活在欠发达社会的人们相比更安全。然而，18世纪末的英国已然是当时世界上经济最发达的社会，而爆发能很快夺取几十万人性命的恶性传染病却仍是稀松平常之事。人们不得不忍受逐渐扩散的流行性疾病，甚至当这些疾病不必然带来致命后果时也是如此。因而，很多人得以观察\n\n第4章 命运、风险与安全\n\n115\n\n107","previous_page":106,"next_page":108}