{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","title":"现代性与自我认同 晚期现代中的自我与社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300220871","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","id":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","uuid":"37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","title":"现代性与自我认同 晚期现代中的自我与社会","normalized_title":"现代性与自我认同晚期现代中的自我与社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300220871","isbns":["9787300220871"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":246,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E8%AE%A4%E5%90%8C%20%E6%99%9A%E6%9C%9F%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E4%B8%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/37a23e11-747f-4d24-8693-55c1c75372d7/search"},"page":{"printed_page":40,"pdf_page":52,"physical_index":52,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"0b30baecf3f3b9948f2b1ecd6ce0babff8dad05c0eecdbc4138934a2a8c70197"},"chapter":"现代性 与自我认同","content":"因此，认知言辞之意义，即有能力把言辞当作使日常惯例得以成型的基本构件而加以使用。我们对现实的认知，并非通过察觉现实本来的样子，而是通过观察日常实践中所形成的差异之结果完成的。举例而言，我们要认知“桌子”这个词所表达的意思，就是要去认知桌子的用途，而认知其用途又能让我们了解到桌子与其他功能性物体（如椅子或长凳）在用途上的差异。讨论某物的意义即假定了差异的存在，但这些差异并不仅仅是结构主义意义上能指（signifier）之间的差异，在日常经验中还作为现实的一部分而被接受。\n\n在习得语言之前，那些经由语言意义才得以体现的差异，主要在婴儿与看护者之间的潜在空间之中得以呈现。现实并不仅仅是此时此地（即直接的感性认识的时空背景)，尤其是对缺席之认同和改变。缺席即暂时处于视野之外，或指完全未曾接触过却依旧被认为“就存在于彼处”的那种状态。因此，对外在现实世界的研习在很大程度上可理解为经验之传递。虽然此种经验的绝大多数丰富的内容要依赖于语言细节之进一步分化，然而人类对外在现实本质的把握显然形成得更早。要想知晓那些缺席者和缺席物的特征，就必须依靠基本信任所提供的情感安全。某些人生活中挥之不去的非现实感可能以多种形式呈现，而这种感觉的出现都源自他们孩提时期未能较好成型的基本信任。这些人不免认为他物或他者仅是一种虚幻的存在，抑或不能对自我身份认同之连续性保持一种清晰的认知。\n\n现代性与自我认同：晚期现代中的自我与社会\n\n43\n\n40","previous_page":39,"next_page":41}